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    ## EECS 281 Advanced Makefile
    
    # How to use this Makefile...
    ###################
    ###################
    ##               ##
    ##  $ make help  ##
    ##               ##
    ###################
    ###################
    
    # IMPORTANT NOTES:
    #   1. Set EXECUTABLE to the command name given in the project specification.
    #   2. To enable automatic creation of unit test rules, your program logic
    #      (where main() is) should be in a file named project*.cpp or specified
    #      in the PROJECTFILE variable.
    #   3. Files you want to include in your final submission cannot match the
    #      test*.cpp pattern.
    
    
    # enables c++17 on CAEN
    
    PATH := /usr/um/gcc-6.2.0/bin:$(PATH)
    LD_LIBRARY_PATH := /usr/um/gcc-6.2.0/lib64
    LD_RUN_PATH := /usr/um/gcc-6.2.0/lib64
    
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    # This is the path from the CAEN home folder to where projects will be
    # uploaded. (eg. /home/mmdarden/eecs281/project1)
    # Change this if you prefer a different path.
    # REMOTE_BASEDIR  := w18/eecs281    # /home/mmdarden/w18/eecs281/project0
    REMOTE_BASEDIR  := eecs281
    
    
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    # TODO
    # Change EXECUTABLE to match the command name given in the project spec.
    
    EXECUTABLE 	= executable
    
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    DEBUG       = $(EXECUTABLE)_debug
    
    # designate which compiler to use
    CXX			= g++
    
    # list of test drivers (with main()) for development
    TESTSOURCES = $(wildcard test*.cpp)
    # names of test executables
    TESTS       = $(TESTSOURCES:%.cpp=%)
    
    # list of sources used in project
    SOURCES 	= $(wildcard *.cpp)
    SOURCES     := $(filter-out $(TESTSOURCES), $(SOURCES))
    # list of objects used in project
    OBJECTS		= $(SOURCES:%.cpp=%.o)
    
    # TODO
    # If main() is in a file named project*.cpp, use the following line
    PROJECTFILE = $(or $(wildcard project*.cpp), nomain.cpp)
    # TODO
    # If main() is in another file delete the line above, edit and uncomment below
    #PROJECTFILE = mymainfile.cpp
    
    
    # name of the tarball created for submission
    
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    PARTIAL_SUBMITFILE = partialsubmit.tar.gz
    FULL_SUBMITFILE = fullsubmit.tar.gz
    
    
    # name of the perf data file, only used by the clean target
    PERF_FILE = perf.data*
    
    
    #Default Flags (would prefer -std=c++17 but Mac/Xcode/Clang doesn't support)
    CXXFLAGS = -std=c++1z -Wconversion -Wall -Werror -Wextra -pedantic 
    
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    # make release - will compile "all" with $(CXXFLAGS) and the -O3 flag
    #				 also defines NDEBUG so that asserts will not check
    release: CXXFLAGS += -O3 -DNDEBUG
    
    release: $(EXECUTABLE)
    
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    # make debug - will compile "all" with $(CXXFLAGS) and the -g flag
    #              also defines DEBUG so that "#ifdef DEBUG /*...*/ #endif" works
    debug: EXECUTABLE := $(DEBUG)
    debug: CXXFLAGS += -g3 -DDEBUG
    
    debug: clean $(EXECUTABLE)
    
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    # make profile - will compile "all" with $(CXXFLAGS) and the -pg flag
    profile: CXXFLAGS += -pg
    profile: clean all
    
    
    # make static - will perform static analysis in the matter currently used
    #               on the autograder
    static:
    
    	cppcheck --enable=all --suppress=missingIncludeSystem $(SOURCES) *.h *.hpp
    
    # Build both release and debug executables
    all: clean
    	make -Rr release
    	make debug
    
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    $(EXECUTABLE): $(OBJECTS)
    ifeq ($(EXECUTABLE), executable)
    	@echo Edit EXECUTABLE variable in Makefile.
    	@echo Using default a.out.
    	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $(OBJECTS)
    else
    	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $(OBJECTS) -o $(EXECUTABLE)
    endif
    
    # Automatically generate any build rules for test*.cpp files
    define make_tests
        ifeq ($$(PROJECTFILE),)
    	    @echo Edit PROJECTFILE variable to .cpp file with main\(\)
    	    @exit 1
        endif
        SRCS = $$(filter-out $$(PROJECTFILE), $$(SOURCES))
        OBJS = $$(SRCS:%.cpp=%.o)
    
        HDRS = $$(wildcard *.h *.hpp)
    
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        $(1): CXXFLAGS += -g3 -DDEBUG
        $(1): $$(OBJS) $$(HDRS) $(1).cpp
    	$$(CXX) $$(CXXFLAGS) $$(OBJS) $(1).cpp -o $(1)
    endef
    $(foreach test, $(TESTS), $(eval $(call make_tests, $(test))))
    
    alltests: clean $(TESTS)
    
    # rule for creating objects
    %.o: %.cpp
    	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) -c $*.cpp
    
    # make clean - remove .o files, executables, tarball
    clean:
    
    	rm -f $(OBJECTS) $(EXECUTABLE) $(DEBUG) $(TESTS) $(PARTIAL_SUBMITFILE) $(FULL_SUBMITFILE) $(PERF_FILE)
    
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    	rm -Rf *.dSYM
    
    # make partialsubmit.tar.gz - cleans, runs dos2unix, creates tarball omitting test cases
    
    PARTIAL_SUBMITFILES=$(filter-out $(TESTSOURCES), $(wildcard Makefile *.h *.hpp *.cpp))
    
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    $(PARTIAL_SUBMITFILE): $(PARTIAL_SUBMITFILES)
    	rm -f $(PARTIAL_SUBMITFILE) $(FULL_SUBMITFILE)
    	-dos2unix $(PARTIAL_SUBMITFILES)
    	COPYFILE_DISABLE=true tar -vczf $(PARTIAL_SUBMITFILE) $(PARTIAL_SUBMITFILES)
    	@echo !!! WARNING: No test cases included. Use 'make fullsubmit' to include test cases. !!!
    
    # make fullsubmit.tar.gz - cleans, runs dos2unix, creates tarball including test cases
    
    FULL_SUBMITFILES=$(filter-out $(TESTSOURCES), $(wildcard Makefile *.h *.hpp *.cpp test*.txt))
    
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    $(FULL_SUBMITFILE): $(FULL_SUBMITFILES)
    	rm -f $(PARTIAL_SUBMITFILE) $(FULL_SUBMITFILE)
    	-dos2unix $(FULL_SUBMITFILES)
    	COPYFILE_DISABLE=true tar -vczf $(FULL_SUBMITFILE) $(FULL_SUBMITFILES)
    	@echo !!! Final submission prepared, test cases included... READY FOR GRADING !!!
    
    # shortcut for make submit tarballs
    partialsubmit: $(PARTIAL_SUBMITFILE)
    fullsubmit: $(FULL_SUBMITFILE)
    
    
    mac2caen: REMOTE_PATH:="${REMOTE_BASEDIR}/$$(basename `pwd`)"
    mac2caen:
    	@echo "Build time: `date`" > rsync.log
    	@open rsync.log
    # Make target directory on CAEN server
    	@echo "Making remote target directory ... ${REMOTE_PATH}" \
    	  >> rsync.log
    	@ssh login.engin.umich.edu \
    	  "mkdir -p ${REMOTE_PATH}" \
    	  >> rsync.log
    # Synchronize local files into target directory on CAEN
    	@echo "Synchronizing local files to CAEN ..." \
    	  >> rsync.log
    	@rsync \
    	  -av \
    	  --delete \
          --exclude '.git*' \
          --exclude 'rsync.log' \
    	  --exclude '.DS_Store' \
          --filter=":- .gitignore" \
    	  ./ \
    	  "login.engin.umich.edu:${REMOTE_PATH}/" \
    	  >> rsync.log
    # Do remote builds
    	@echo "Making remote executables with \"make all\" ..." \
    	  >> rsync.log
    	@ssh login.engin.umich.edu "cd ${REMOTE_PATH} && make all" \
    	  >> rsync.log
    
    
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    define MAKEFILE_HELP
    EECS281 Advanced Makefile Help
    * This Makefile uses advanced techniques, for more information:
        $$ man make
    
    * General usage
        1. Follow directions at each "TODO" in this file.
           a. Set EXECUTABLE equal to the name given in the project specification.
           b. Set PROJECTFILE equal to the name of the source file with main()
           c. Add any dependency rules specific to your files.
        2. Build, test, submit... repeat as necessary.
    
    * Preparing submissions
        A) To build 'partialsubmit.tar.gz', a tarball without tests used to find
           buggy solutions in the autograder.  This is useful for faster autograder
           runs during development and free submissions if the project does not
           build.
               $$ make partialsubmit
        B) Build 'fullsubmit.tar.gz' a tarball complete with autograder test cases.
           ALWAYS USE THIS FOR FINAL GRADING!  It is also useful when trying to
           find buggy solutions in the autograder.
               $$ make fullsubmit
    
    * Unit testing support
        A) Source files for unit testing should be named test*.cpp.  Examples
           include test_input.cpp or test3.cpp.
        B) Automatic build rules are generated to support the following:
               $$ make test_input
               $$ make test3
               $$ make alltests        (this builds all test drivers)
        C) If test drivers need special dependencies, they must be added manually.
    
        D) IMPORTANT: NO SOURCE FILES WITH NAMES THAT BEGIN WITH test WILL BE
           ADDED TO ANY SUBMISSION TARBALLS.
    
    
    * Static Analysis support
        A) Matches current autograder style grading tests
        B) Usage:
               $$ make static
    
    
    * Mac to CAEN upload support
    
        A) Requires an .ssh/config file with a login.engin.umich.edu host
           defined, SSH Multiplexing enabled, and an open SSH connection.
    
        B) Edit the REMOTE_BASEDIR variable if default is not preferred.
        C) Usage:
               $$ make mac2caen
    
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    endef
    export MAKEFILE_HELP
    
    help:
    	@echo "$$MAKEFILE_HELP"
    
    #######################
    # TODO (begin) #
    #######################
    # individual dependencies for objects
    # Examples:
    # "Add a header file dependency"
    # project2.o: project2.cpp project2.h
    #
    # "Add multiple headers and a separate class"
    # HEADERS = some.h special.h header.h files.h
    # myclass.o: myclass.cpp myclass.h $(HEADERS)
    # project5.o: project5.cpp myclass.o $(HEADERS)
    #
    
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    #test_thing: test_thing.cpp class.o functions.o
    #class.o: class.cpp class.h
    #functions.o: functions.cpp functions.h
    #project0.o: project0.cpp class.h functions.h
    
    #
    # THE COMPILER CAN GENERATE DEPENDENCIES FROM SOURCE CODE
    #
    # % g++ -MM *.cpp
    #
    # ADD YOUR OWN DEPENDENCIES HERE
    
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    ######################
    # TODO (end) #
    ######################
    
    # these targets do not create any files
    
    .PHONY: all release debug profile static clean alltests partialsubmit fullsubmit mac2caen help
    
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    # disable built-in rules
    .SUFFIXES: