From 2ac80113185ed84214dc232e14d380f32cc013db Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Max New <maxsnew@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 4 May 2018 17:30:36 +0200
Subject: [PATCH] start GTT
---
main.tex => notes/cbvgtt.tex | 0
.../freyd-multicategories.tex | 0
gcbpv.tex => notes/gcbpv.tex | 0
notes/{ => meetings}/meeting-04-06-2018.org | 0
notes/{ => meetings}/meeting-04-20-2018.org | 0
notes/strength.tex | 63 +
paper/ACM-Reference-Format.bst | 2893 +++++++++++++++++
paper/acmart.cls | 2569 +++++++++++++++
paper/gtt.tex | 204 ++
9 files changed, 5729 insertions(+)
rename main.tex => notes/cbvgtt.tex (100%)
rename freyd-multicategories.tex => notes/freyd-multicategories.tex (100%)
rename gcbpv.tex => notes/gcbpv.tex (100%)
rename notes/{ => meetings}/meeting-04-06-2018.org (100%)
rename notes/{ => meetings}/meeting-04-20-2018.org (100%)
create mode 100644 notes/strength.tex
create mode 100644 paper/ACM-Reference-Format.bst
create mode 100644 paper/acmart.cls
create mode 100644 paper/gtt.tex
diff --git a/main.tex b/notes/cbvgtt.tex
similarity index 100%
rename from main.tex
rename to notes/cbvgtt.tex
diff --git a/freyd-multicategories.tex b/notes/freyd-multicategories.tex
similarity index 100%
rename from freyd-multicategories.tex
rename to notes/freyd-multicategories.tex
diff --git a/gcbpv.tex b/notes/gcbpv.tex
similarity index 100%
rename from gcbpv.tex
rename to notes/gcbpv.tex
diff --git a/notes/meeting-04-06-2018.org b/notes/meetings/meeting-04-06-2018.org
similarity index 100%
rename from notes/meeting-04-06-2018.org
rename to notes/meetings/meeting-04-06-2018.org
diff --git a/notes/meeting-04-20-2018.org b/notes/meetings/meeting-04-20-2018.org
similarity index 100%
rename from notes/meeting-04-20-2018.org
rename to notes/meetings/meeting-04-20-2018.org
diff --git a/notes/strength.tex b/notes/strength.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f2782b4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/notes/strength.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+The principle at work here is that while call-by-push-value gives us a
+syntax for an adjunction (between value and computation categories)
+with a syntax for the profunctor the adjunction represents (the term
+morphisms), we can also consider the \emph{Kleisli} categories of the
+adjunction, which are equivalent to the images of the $\u F$ and $U$
+types.
+%
+These are precisely the categories corresponding to call-by-value and
+call-by-name languages respectively.
+%
+Then we can ask in what sense the connectives extend from functors on
+the value and computation categories to ``functors'' on the
+corresponding Kleisli and co-Kleisli categories.
+%
+We put ``functor'' in quotes because in fact, these will not quite
+satisfy the ordinary sense of functoriality in multiple arguments.
+%
+Instead, the functors will be \emph{separately functorial} in each
+argument, whereas ordinarily functor in several argument means
+\emph{jointly functorial}.
+%
+So for example let $\cat C, \cat D , \cat E$ be categories, then we
+would say that a separately functorial function $F : \cat C, \cat D
+\to \cat E$ would consist of first an action on objects $F_0 : \cat
+C_0, \cat D_0 \to \Cat E_0$ and then two actions: taking any object $d
+\in D_0$ to a functor $F(-,id_d) : \cat C \to \cat E$ and similarly
+one taking any object $c \in C_0$ to a functor $F(id_c,=): \cat D \to
+\cat E$.
+%
+Then we have two candidates for a true joint functorial action that
+are in general not equal: $F(f,id)\circ F(id,g)$ and vice-versa
+$F(id,g) \circ F(f,id)$.
+%
+The fact that these are \emph{not} models the fact that evaluation
+order matters.
+
+\begin{theorem}[Effectful Functors]
+ Given a call-by-push-value adjunction model $V,C,R,F,U$ and given
+ any jointly functorial functor $G : D_1,\ldots,D_n \to E$ where all
+ of $D_1,\ldots,D_n,E$ are either $V,C,V^o,C^o$, that is
+ \emph{strong} in that for each argument category $D_i$, there are
+ morphisms of one of the following forms (whichever is well-sorted
+ for $G$ and $D_i$)
+
+ \[ G(D_1,\ldots,F(D_i),\ldots,D_n) \to F(G(D_1,\ldots,D_n)) \]
+ \[ G(D_1,\ldots,U(D_i),\ldots,D_n) \to F(G(D_1,\ldots,D_n)) \]
+ \[ G(D_1,\ldots,F(D_i),\ldots,D_n) \to U(G(D_1,\ldots,D_n)) \]
+ \[ G(D_1,\ldots,U(D_i),\ldots,D_n) \to U(G(D_1,\ldots,D_n)) \]
+
+ then there is an
+ associated separately functorial functor $\hat G : \hat
+ D_1,\ldots,\hat D_n \to \hat E$ where
+
+
+ \begin{align*}
+ \hat V = F(V)\\
+ \hat C = U(C)\\
+ \hat D^o = (\hat D)^o
+ \end{align*}
+\end{theorem}
+\begin{proof}
+
+\end{proof}
diff --git a/paper/ACM-Reference-Format.bst b/paper/ACM-Reference-Format.bst
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f79017e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/paper/ACM-Reference-Format.bst
@@ -0,0 +1,2893 @@
+%%% -*-BibTeX-*-
+%%% ====================================================================
+%%% @BibTeX-style-file{
+%%% author = "Nelson H. F. Beebe, Boris Veytsman and Gerald Murray",
+%%% version = "2.1",
+%%% date = "14 June 2017",
+%%% filename = "ACM-Reference-Format.bst",
+%%% email = "borisv@lk.net, boris@varphi.com",
+%%% codetable = "ISO/ASCII",
+%%% keywords = "ACM Transactions bibliography style; BibTeX",
+%%% license = "public domain",
+%%% supported = "yes",
+%%% abstract = "",
+%%% }
+%%% ====================================================================
+
+%%% Revision history: see source in git
+
+ENTRY
+ { address
+ advisor
+ archiveprefix
+ author
+ booktitle
+ chapter
+ city
+ date
+ edition
+ editor
+ eprint
+ eprinttype
+ eprintclass
+ howpublished
+ institution
+ journal
+ key
+ month
+ note
+ number
+ organization
+ pages
+ primaryclass
+ publisher
+ school
+ series
+ title
+ type
+ volume
+ year
+ % New keys recognized
+ issue % UTAH: used in, e.g., ACM SIGSAM Bulletin and ACM Communications in Computer Algebra
+ articleno
+ eid
+ day % UTAH: needed for newspapers, weeklies, bi-weeklies
+ doi % UTAH
+ url % UTAH
+ bookpages % UTAH
+ numpages
+ lastaccessed % UTAH: used only for @Misc{...}
+ coden % UTAH
+ isbn % UTAH
+ isbn-13 % UTAH
+ issn % UTAH
+ lccn % UTAH
+ }
+ {}
+ { label.year extra.label sort.year sort.label basic.label.year}
+
+INTEGERS { output.state before.all mid.sentence after.sentence after.block }
+
+INTEGERS { show-isbn-10-and-13 } % initialized below in begin.bib
+
+INTEGERS { nameptr namesleft numnames }
+
+INTEGERS { multiresult }
+
+INTEGERS { len }
+
+INTEGERS { last.extra.num }
+
+STRINGS { s t t.org u }
+
+STRINGS { last.label next.extra }
+
+STRINGS { p1 p2 p3 page.count }
+
+
+FUNCTION { not }
+{
+ { #0 }
+ { #1 }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { and }
+{
+ 'skip$
+ { pop$ #0 }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { or }
+{
+ { pop$ #1 }
+ 'skip$
+ if$
+}
+
+
+FUNCTION { dump.stack.1 }
+{
+ duplicate$ "STACK[top] = [" swap$ * "]" * warning$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { dump.stack.2 }
+{
+ duplicate$ "STACK[top ] = [" swap$ * "]" * warning$
+ swap$
+ duplicate$ "STACK[top-1] = [" swap$ * "]" * warning$
+ swap$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { empty.or.unknown }
+{
+ %% Examine the top stack entry, and push 1 if it is empty, or
+ %% consists only of whitespace, or is a string beginning with two
+ %% queries (??), and otherwise, push 0.
+ %%
+ %% This function provides a replacement for empty$, with the
+ %% convenient feature that unknown values marked by two leading
+ %% queries are treated the same as missing values, and thus, do not
+ %% appear in the output .bbl file, and yet, their presence in .bib
+ %% file(s) serves to mark values which are temporarily missing, but
+ %% are expected to be filled in eventually once more data is
+ %% obtained. The TeX User Group and BibNet bibliography archives
+ %% make extensive use of this practice.
+ %%
+ %% An empty string cannot serve the same purpose, because just as in
+ %% statistics data processing, an unknown value is not the same as an
+ %% empty value.
+ %%
+ %% At entry: stack = ... top:[string]
+ %% At exit: stack = ... top:[0 or 1]
+
+ duplicate$ empty$
+ { pop$ #1 }
+ { #1 #2 substring$ "??" = }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { writeln }
+{
+ %% In BibTeX style files, the sequences
+ %%
+ %% ... "one" "two" output
+ %% ... "one" "two" output.xxx
+ %%
+ %% ship "one" to the output file, possibly following by punctuation,
+ %% leaving the stack with
+ %%
+ %% ... "two"
+ %%
+ %% There is thus a one-string lag in output processing that must be
+ %% carefully handled to avoid duplicating a string in the output
+ %% file. Unless otherwise noted, all output.xxx functions leave
+ %% just one new string on the stack, and that model should be born
+ %% in mind when reading or writing function code.
+ %%
+ %% BibTeX's asynchronous buffering of output from strings from the
+ %% stack is confusing because newline$ bypasses the buffer. It
+ %% would have been so much easier for newline to be a character
+ %% rather than a state of the output-in-progress.
+ %%
+ %% The documentation in btxhak.dvi is WRONG: it says
+ %%
+ %% newline$ Writes onto the bbl file what's accumulated in the
+ %% output buffer. It writes a blank line if and only
+ %% if the output buffer is empty. Since write$ does
+ %% reasonable line breaking, you should use this
+ %% function only when you want a blank line or an
+ %% explicit line break.
+ %%
+ %% write$ Pops the top (string) literal and writes it on the
+ %% output buffer (which will result in stuff being
+ %% written onto the bbl file when the buffer fills
+ %% up).
+ %%
+ %% Examination of the BibTeX source code shows that write$ does
+ %% indeed behave as claimed, but newline$ sends a newline character
+ %% directly to the output file, leaving the stack unchanged. The
+ %% first line "Writes onto ... buffer." is therefore wrong.
+ %%
+ %% The original BibTeX style files almost always use "write$ newline$"
+ %% in that order, so it makes sense to hide that pair in a private
+ %% function like this one, named after a statement in Pascal,
+ %% the programming language embedded in the BibTeX Web program.
+
+ write$ % output top-of-stack string
+ newline$ % immediate write of newline (not via stack)
+}
+
+FUNCTION { init.state.consts }
+{
+ #0 'before.all :=
+ #1 'mid.sentence :=
+ #2 'after.sentence :=
+ #3 'after.block :=
+}
+
+FUNCTION { output.nonnull }
+{ % Stack in: ... R S T Stack out: ... R T File out: S<comma><space>
+ 's :=
+ output.state mid.sentence =
+ {
+ ", " * write$
+ }
+ {
+ output.state after.block =
+ {
+ add.period$ writeln
+ "\newblock " write$
+ }
+ {
+ output.state before.all =
+ {
+ write$
+ }
+ {
+ add.period$ " " * write$
+ }
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+ mid.sentence 'output.state :=
+ }
+ if$
+ s
+}
+
+FUNCTION { output.nonnull.dot.space }
+{ % Stack in: ... R S T Stack out: ... R T File out: S<dot><space>
+ 's :=
+ output.state mid.sentence = % { "<DEBUG output.nonnull.dot.space>. " * write$ }
+ {
+ ". " * write$
+ }
+ {
+ output.state after.block =
+ {
+ add.period$ writeln "\newblock " write$
+ }
+ {
+ output.state before.all =
+ {
+ write$
+ }
+ {
+ add.period$ " " * write$
+ }
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+ mid.sentence 'output.state :=
+ }
+ if$
+ s
+}
+
+FUNCTION { output.nonnull.remove }
+{ % Stack in: ... R S T Stack out: ... R T File out: S<space>
+ 's :=
+ output.state mid.sentence =
+ {
+ " " * write$
+ }
+ {
+ output.state after.block =
+ {
+ add.period$ writeln "\newblock " write$
+ }
+ {
+ output.state before.all =
+ {
+ write$
+ }
+ {
+ add.period$ " " * write$
+ }
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+ mid.sentence 'output.state :=
+ }
+ if$
+ s
+}
+
+FUNCTION { output.nonnull.removenospace }
+{ % Stack in: ... R S T Stack out: ... R T File out: S
+ 's :=
+ output.state mid.sentence =
+ {
+ "" * write$
+ }
+ {
+ output.state after.block =
+ {
+ add.period$ writeln "\newblock " write$
+ }
+ {
+ output.state before.all =
+ {
+ write$
+ }
+ {
+ add.period$ " " * write$
+ }
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+ mid.sentence 'output.state :=
+ }
+ if$
+ s
+}
+
+FUNCTION { output }
+{ % discard top token if empty, else like output.nonnull
+ duplicate$ empty.or.unknown
+ 'pop$
+ 'output.nonnull
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { output.dot.space }
+{ % discard top token if empty, else like output.nonnull.dot.space
+ duplicate$ empty.or.unknown
+ 'pop$
+ 'output.nonnull.dot.space
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { output.removenospace }
+{ % discard top token if empty, else like output.nonnull.removenospace
+ duplicate$ empty.or.unknown
+ 'pop$
+ 'output.nonnull.removenospace
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { output.check }
+{ % like output, but warn if key name on top-of-stack is not set
+ 't :=
+ duplicate$ empty.or.unknown
+ { pop$ "empty " t * " in " * cite$ * warning$ }
+ 'output.nonnull
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { bibinfo.output.check }
+{ % like output.check, adding bibinfo field
+ 't :=
+ duplicate$ empty.or.unknown
+ { pop$ "empty " t * " in " * cite$ * warning$ }
+ { "\bibinfo{" t "}{" * * swap$ * "}" *
+ output.nonnull }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { output.check.dot.space }
+{ % like output.dot.space, but warn if key name on top-of-stack is not set
+ 't :=
+ duplicate$ empty.or.unknown
+ { pop$ "empty " t * " in " * cite$ * warning$ }
+ 'output.nonnull.dot.space
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { fin.block }
+{ % functionally, but not logically, identical to fin.entry
+ add.period$
+ writeln
+}
+
+FUNCTION { fin.entry }
+{
+ add.period$
+ writeln
+}
+
+FUNCTION { new.sentence }
+{ % update sentence state, with neither output nor stack change
+ output.state after.block =
+ 'skip$
+ {
+ output.state before.all =
+ 'skip$
+ { after.sentence 'output.state := }
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { fin.sentence }
+{
+ add.period$
+ write$
+ new.sentence
+ ""
+}
+
+FUNCTION { new.block }
+{
+ output.state before.all =
+ 'skip$
+ { after.block 'output.state := }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { output.coden } % UTAH
+{ % output non-empty CODEN as one-line sentence (stack untouched)
+ coden empty.or.unknown
+ { }
+ { "\showCODEN{" coden * "}" * writeln }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.articleno }
+{
+ articleno empty.or.unknown not eid empty.or.unknown not and
+ { "Both articleno and eid are defined for " cite$ * warning$ }
+ 'skip$
+ if$
+ articleno empty.or.unknown eid empty.or.unknown and
+ { "" }
+ {
+ numpages empty.or.unknown
+ { "articleno or eid field, but no numpages field, in "
+ cite$ * warning$ }
+ { }
+ if$
+ eid empty.or.unknown
+ { "Article \bibinfo{articleno}{" articleno * "}" * }
+ { "Article \bibinfo{articleno}{" eid * "}" * }
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.year }
+{ % push year string or "[n. d.]" onto output stack
+ %% Because year is a mandatory field, we always force SOMETHING
+ %% to be output
+ "\bibinfo{year}{"
+ year empty.or.unknown
+ { "[n. d.]" }
+ { year }
+ if$
+ * "}" *
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.day.month }
+{ % push "day month " or "month " or "" onto output stack
+ day empty.or.unknown
+ {
+ month empty.or.unknown
+ { "" }
+ { "\bibinfo{date}{" month * "} " *}
+ if$
+ }
+ {
+ month empty.or.unknown
+ { "" }
+ { "\bibinfo{date}{" day * " " * month * "} " *}
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.day.month.year } % UTAH
+{ % if month is empty, push "" else push "(MON.)" or "(DD MON.)"
+ % Needed for frequent periodicals: 2008. ... New York Times C-1, C-2, C-17 (23 Oct.)
+ % acm-*.bst addition: prefix parenthesized date string with
+ % ", Article nnn "
+ articleno empty.or.unknown eid empty.or.unknown and
+ { "" }
+ { output.state after.block =
+ {", " format.articleno * }
+ { format.articleno }
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+ " (" * format.day.month * format.year * ")" *
+}
+
+FUNCTION { output.day.month.year } % UTAH
+{ % if month is empty value, do nothing; else output stack top and
+ % leave with new top string "(MON.)" or "(DD MON.)"
+ % Needed for frequent periodicals: 2008. ... New York Times C-1, C-2, C-17 (23 Oct.)
+ format.day.month.year
+ output.nonnull.remove
+}
+
+FUNCTION { strip.doi } % UTAH
+{ % Strip any Web address prefix to recover the bare DOI, leaving the
+ % result on the output stack, as recommended by CrossRef DOI
+ % documentation.
+ % For example, reduce "http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1534530.1534545" to
+ % "10.1145/1534530.1534545". That is later typeset and displayed as
+ % doi:10.1145/1534530.1534545 as the LAST item in the reference list
+ % entry. Publisher Web sites wrap this with a suitable link to a real
+ % URL to resolve the DOI, and the master https://doi.org/ address is
+ % preferred, since publisher-specific URLs can disappear in response
+ % to economic events. All journals are encouraged by the DOI
+ % authorities to use that typeset format and link procedures for
+ % uniformity across all publications that include DOIs in reference
+ % lists.
+ % The numeric prefix is guaranteed to start with "10.", so we use
+ % that as a test.
+ % 2017-02-04 Added stripping of https:// (Boris)
+ doi #1 #3 substring$ "10." =
+ { doi }
+ {
+ doi 't := % get modifiable copy of DOI
+
+ % Change https:// to http:// to strip both prefixes (BV)
+
+ t #1 #8 substring$ "https://" =
+ { "http://" t #9 t text.length$ #8 - substring$ * 't := }
+ { }
+ if$
+
+ t #1 #7 substring$ "http://" =
+ {
+ t #8 t text.length$ #7 - substring$ 't :=
+
+ "INTERNAL STYLE-FILE ERROR" 's :=
+
+ % search for next "/" and assign its suffix to s
+
+ { t text.length$ }
+ {
+ t #1 #1 substring$ "/" =
+ {
+ % save rest of string as true DOI (should be 10.xxxx/yyyy)
+ t #2 t text.length$ #1 - substring$ 's :=
+ "" 't := % empty string t terminates the loop
+ }
+ {
+ % discard first character and continue loop: t <= substring(t,2,last)
+ t #2 t text.length$ #1 - substring$ 't :=
+ }
+ if$
+ }
+ while$
+
+ % check for valid DOI (should be 10.xxxx/yyyy)
+ s #1 #3 substring$ "10." =
+ { }
+ { "unrecognized DOI substring " s * " in DOI value [" * doi * "]" * warning$ }
+ if$
+
+ s % push the stripped DOI on the output stack
+
+ }
+ {
+ "unrecognized DOI value [" doi * "]" * warning$
+ doi % push the unrecognized original DOI on the output stack
+ }
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+}
+
+%
+% Change by BV: added standard prefix to URL
+%
+FUNCTION { output.doi } % UTAH
+{ % output non-empty DOI as one-line sentence (stack untouched)
+ doi empty.or.unknown
+ { }
+ {
+ %% Use \urldef here for the same reason it is used in output.url,
+ %% see output.url for further discussion.
+ "\urldef\tempurl%" writeln
+ "\url{https://doi.org/" strip.doi * "}" * writeln
+ "\showDOI{\tempurl}" writeln
+ }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { output.isbn } % UTAH
+{ % output non-empty ISBN-10 and/or ISBN-13 as one-line sentences (stack untouched)
+ show-isbn-10-and-13
+ {
+ %% show both 10- and 13-digit ISBNs
+ isbn empty.or.unknown
+ { }
+ {
+ "\showISBNx{" isbn * "}" * writeln
+ }
+ if$
+ isbn-13 empty.or.unknown
+ { }
+ {
+ "\showISBNxiii{" isbn-13 * "}" * writeln
+ }
+ if$
+ }
+ {
+ %% show 10-digit ISBNs only if 13-digit ISBNs not available
+ isbn-13 empty.or.unknown
+ {
+ isbn empty.or.unknown
+ { }
+ {
+ "\showISBNx{" isbn * "}" * writeln
+ }
+ if$
+ }
+ {
+ "\showISBNxiii{" isbn-13 * "}" * writeln
+ }
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { output.issn } % UTAH
+{ % output non-empty ISSN as one-line sentence (stack untouched)
+ issn empty.or.unknown
+ { }
+ { "\showISSN{" issn * "}" * writeln }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { output.issue }
+{ % output non-empty issue number as a one-line sentence (stack untouched)
+ issue empty.or.unknown
+ { }
+ { "Issue " issue * "." * writeln }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { output.lccn } % UTAH
+{ % return with stack untouched
+ lccn empty.or.unknown
+ { }
+ { "\showLCCN{" lccn * "}" * writeln }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { output.note } % UTAH
+{ % return with stack empty
+ note empty.or.unknown
+ { }
+ { "\shownote{" note add.period$ * "}" * writeln }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { output.note.check } % UTAH
+{ % return with stack empty
+ note empty.or.unknown
+ { "empty note in " cite$ * warning$ }
+ { "\shownote{" note add.period$ * "}" * writeln }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { output.eprint } %
+{ % return with stack empty
+ eprint empty.or.unknown
+ { }
+ { "\showeprint"
+ archiveprefix empty.or.unknown
+ { eprinttype empty.or.unknown
+ { }
+ { "[" eprinttype "]" * * * }
+ if$
+ }
+ { "[" archiveprefix "l" change.case$ "]" * * * }
+ if$
+ "{" *
+ primaryclass empty.or.unknown
+ { eprintclass empty.or.unknown
+ { }
+ { eprintclass "/" * * }
+ if$
+ }
+ { primaryclass "/" * * }
+ if$
+ eprint "}" * *
+ writeln
+ }
+ if$
+}
+
+
+%
+% Changes by BV 2011/04/15. Do not output
+% url if doi is defined
+%
+FUNCTION { output.url } % UTAH
+{ % return with stack untouched
+ % output URL and associated lastaccessed fields
+ doi empty.or.unknown
+ {
+ url empty.or.unknown
+ { }
+ {
+ %% Use \urldef, outside \showURL, so that %nn, #, etc in URLs work
+ %% correctly. Put the actual URL on its own line to reduce the
+ %% likelihood of BibTeX's nasty line wrapping after column 79.
+ %% \url{} can undo this, but if that doesn't work for some reason
+ %% the .bbl file would have to be repaired manually.
+ "\urldef\tempurl%" writeln
+ "\url{" url * "}" * writeln
+
+ "\showURL{%" writeln
+ lastaccessed empty.or.unknown
+ { "" }
+ { "Retrieved " lastaccessed * " from " * }
+ if$
+ "\tempurl}" * writeln
+ }
+ if$
+ }
+ { }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { output.year.check }
+{ % warn if year empty, output top string and leave " YEAR<label>" on stack in mid-sentence
+ year empty.or.unknown
+ { "empty year in " cite$ * warning$
+ write$
+ " \bibinfo{year}{[n. d.]}"
+ "\natexlab{" extra.label * "}" * *
+ mid.sentence 'output.state :=
+ }
+ { write$
+ " \bibinfo{year}{" year * "}" *
+ "\natexlab{" extra.label * "}" * *
+ mid.sentence 'output.state :=
+ }
+ if$
+}
+
+
+FUNCTION { le }
+{
+ %% test whether first number is less than or equal to second number
+ %% stack in: n1 n2
+ %% stack out: if n1 <= n2 then 1 else 0
+
+ %% "DEBUG: le " cite$ * warning$
+ > { #0 } { #1 } if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { ge }
+{
+ %% test whether first number is greater than or equal to second number
+ %% stack in: n1 n2
+ %% stack out: if n1 >= n2 then 1 else 0
+
+ %% "DEBUG: ge " cite$ * warning$
+ < { #0 } { #1 } if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { is.leading.digit }
+{
+ %% test whether first character of string is a digit
+ %% stack in: string
+ %% stack out: if first-char-is-digit then 1 else 0
+
+ #1 #1 substring$ % replace string by string[1:1]
+ duplicate$ % string[1:1] string[1:1]
+ chr.to.int$
+ "0" chr.to.int$ swap$ le % "0" <= string[1:1] --> 0-or-1
+ swap$ % 0-or-1 string[1:1]
+ chr.to.int$
+ "9" chr.to.int$ le % string[1:1} <= "9" --> 0-or-1
+ and
+}
+
+FUNCTION { skip.digits }
+{
+ %% skip over leading digits in string
+ %% stack in: string
+ %% stack out: rest-of-string leading-digits
+
+ %% "DEBUG: enter skip.digits " cite$ * warning$
+
+ %% dump.stack.1
+
+ duplicate$
+ 't :=
+ 't.org :=
+ "" 'u :=
+
+ { t text.length$ }
+ {
+ %% "=================DEBUG: skip.digits t = [" t * "]" * warning$
+ t is.leading.digit
+ { t #2 t text.length$ #1 - substring$ }
+ {
+ t 'u :=
+ ""
+ }
+ if$
+ 't :=
+ }
+ while$
+
+ u % rest of string
+ t.org #1 t.org text.length$ u text.length$ - substring$ % leading digits
+
+ %% "DEBUG: t.org = [" t.org * "]" * warning$
+ %% "DEBUG: u = [" u * "]" * warning$
+
+ %% dump.stack.2
+
+ %% "DEBUG: leave skip.digits " cite$ * warning$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { skip.nondigits }
+{
+ %% skip over leading nondigits in string
+ %% stack in: string
+ %% stack out: rest-of-string
+
+ %% "DEBUG: enter skip.nondigits " cite$ * warning$
+
+ 't :=
+ "" 'u :=
+
+ { t text.length$ }
+ {
+ %% "=================DEBUG: skip.nondigits t = [" t * "]" * warning$
+ t is.leading.digit
+ {
+ t 'u :=
+ ""
+ }
+ { t #2 t text.length$ #1 - substring$ }
+ if$
+ 't :=
+ }
+ while$
+
+ u % rest of string
+
+ %% dump.stack.1
+ %% "DEBUG: leave skip.nondigits " cite$ * warning$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { parse.next.number }
+{
+ %% stack in: string
+ %% stack out: rest-of-string next-numeric-part-of-string
+ %% Example:
+ %% stack in: "123:1--123:59"
+ %% stack out: ":1--123:59" "123"
+
+ 's :=
+ s skip.nondigits 's :=
+ s skip.digits
+}
+
+FUNCTION { reduce.pages.to.page.count }
+{
+ %% Stack in: arbitrary-and-unused
+ %% Stack out: unchanged
+ %%
+ %% For the new-style pagination with article number and numpages or
+ %% pages, we expect to have BibTeX entries containing something like
+ %% articleno = "17",
+ %% pages = "1--23",
+ %% with output "Article 17, 23 pages",
+ %% or
+ %% articleno = "17",
+ %% numpages = "23",
+ %% with output "Article 17, 23 pages",
+ %% or
+ %% articleno = "17",
+ %% pages = "17:1--17:23",
+ %% with output "Article 17, 23 pages",
+ %%
+ %% If articleno is missing or empty, then we should output "1--23",
+ %% "23" (with a warning of a missing articleno), or "17:1--17:23",
+ %% respectively.
+
+ %% "DEBUG: enter reduce.pages.to.page.count " cite$ * warning$
+
+ %% "DEBUG: pages = [" pages * "]" * warning$
+
+ pages
+ parse.next.number 'p1 :=
+ parse.next.number 'p2 :=
+ parse.next.number 'p3 :=
+ parse.next.number 'page.count :=
+
+ duplicate$
+ empty.or.unknown
+ { }
+ {
+ duplicate$ "unexpected trailing garbage [" swap$ *
+ "] after n:p1--n:p2 in pages = [" *
+ pages *
+ "] in " *
+ cite$ *
+ warning$
+ }
+ if$
+
+ pop$
+
+ %% "DEBUG: reduce.pages.to.page.count: "
+ %% " p1 = " p1 * *
+ %% " p2 = " p2 * *
+ %% " p3 = " p3 * *
+ %% " p4 = " page.count * *
+ %% " in " cite$ * * warning$
+
+ p1 p3 = p2 "1" = and numpages empty.or.unknown and
+ { "INFO: reduced pages = [" pages * "] to numpages = [" * page.count * "]" * warning$ }
+ {
+ numpages empty.or.unknown
+ { pages }
+ { numpages }
+ if$
+ 'page.count :=
+ }
+ if$
+
+ p1 "1" = p3 empty.or.unknown and numpages empty.or.unknown and
+ {
+ p2 'page.count :=
+ "INFO: reduced pages = [" pages * "] to numpages = [" * page.count * "]" * warning$
+ }
+ {
+ numpages empty.or.unknown
+ { pages }
+ { numpages }
+ if$
+ 'page.count :=
+ }
+ if$
+
+ %% "DEBUG: leave reduce.pages.to.page.count " cite$ * warning$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { new.block.checkb }
+{ % issue a new.block only if at least one of top two stack strings is not empty
+ empty.or.unknown
+ swap$ empty.or.unknown
+ and
+ 'skip$
+ 'new.block
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { field.or.null }
+{ % convert empty value to null string, else return value
+ duplicate$ empty.or.unknown
+ { pop$ "" }
+ 'skip$
+ if$
+}
+
+
+
+FUNCTION { emphasize }
+{ % emphasize a non-empty top string on the stack
+ duplicate$ empty.or.unknown
+ { pop$ "" }
+ { "\emph{" swap$ * "}" * }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { comma }
+{ % convert empty string to null string, or brace string and add trailing comma
+ duplicate$ empty.or.unknown
+ { pop$ "" }
+ { "{" swap$ * "}," * }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.names }
+{
+ % Format bibliographical entries with the first author last name first,
+ % and subsequent authors with initials followed by last name.
+ % All names are formatted in this routine.
+
+ 's :=
+ #1 'nameptr := % nameptr = 1;
+ s num.names$ 'numnames := % numnames = num.name$(s);
+ numnames 'namesleft :=
+ { namesleft #0 > }
+ { nameptr #1 =
+ %NO: BAD ORDER: {"{" s nameptr "{ff~}{ll}{, jj}{, vv}" format.name$ * "}" * 't := }
+ %NO: BAD ORDER: {"{" s nameptr "{ff~}{ll}{, jj}{, vv}" format.name$ * "}" * 't := }
+ {"\bibinfo{person}{" s nameptr "{ff }{vv }{ll}{, jj}" format.name$ * "}" * 't := }
+ {"\bibinfo{person}{" s nameptr "{ff }{vv }{ll}{, jj}" format.name$ * "}" * 't := }
+ if$
+ nameptr #1 >
+ {
+ namesleft #1 >
+ { ", " * t * }
+ {
+ numnames #2 >
+ { "," * }
+ 'skip$
+ if$
+ t "\bibinfo{person}{others}" =
+ { " {et~al\mbox{.}}" * } % jrh: avoid spacing problems
+ { " {and} " * t * } % from Chicago Manual of Style
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+ }
+ 't
+ if$
+ nameptr #1 + 'nameptr := % nameptr += 1;
+ namesleft #1 - 'namesleft := % namesleft =- 1;
+ }
+ while$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { my.full.label }
+{
+ 's :=
+ #1 'nameptr := % nameptr = 1;
+ s num.names$ 'numnames := % numnames = num.name$(s);
+ numnames 'namesleft :=
+ { namesleft #0 > }
+
+ { s nameptr "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$ 't := % get the next name
+ nameptr #1 >
+ {
+ namesleft #1 >
+ { ", " * t * }
+ {
+ numnames #2 >
+ { "," * }
+ 'skip$
+ if$
+ t "others" =
+ { " et~al\mbox{.}" * } % jrh: avoid spacing problems
+ { " and " * t * } % from Chicago Manual of Style
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+ }
+ 't
+ if$
+ nameptr #1 + 'nameptr := % nameptr += 1;
+ namesleft #1 - 'namesleft := % namesleft =- 1;
+ }
+ while$
+
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.names.fml }
+{
+ % Format names in "familiar" format, with first initial followed by
+ % last name. Like format.names, ALL names are formatted.
+ % jtb: The names are NOT put in small caps
+
+ 's :=
+ #1 'nameptr := % nameptr = 1;
+ s num.names$ 'numnames := % numnames = num.name$(s);
+ numnames 'namesleft :=
+ { namesleft #0 > }
+
+ {
+ "\bibinfo{person}{" s nameptr "{ff~}{vv~}{ll}{, jj}" format.name$ * "}" * 't :=
+
+ nameptr #1 >
+ {
+ namesleft #1 >
+ { ", " * t * }
+ {
+ numnames #2 >
+ { "," * }
+ 'skip$
+ if$
+ t "\bibinfo{person}{others}" =
+ { " {et~al\mbox{.}}" * }
+ { " {and} " * t * }
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+ }
+ 't
+ if$
+ nameptr #1 + 'nameptr := % nameptr += 1;
+ namesleft #1 - 'namesleft := % namesleft =- 1;
+ }
+ while$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.authors }
+{
+ author empty.or.unknown
+ { "" }
+ {
+ "\bibfield{author}{"
+ author format.names add.period$ * "}" *} % jtb: add period if none before
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.key }
+{
+ empty.or.unknown
+ { key field.or.null }
+ { "" }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.no.key }
+{
+ empty.or.unknown
+ { "" }
+ { "" }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.editors.fml }
+{
+ % Format editor names for use in the "in" types: inbook, incollection,
+ % inproceedings: first initial, then last names. When editors are the
+ % LABEL for an entry, then format.editor is used which lists editors
+ % by last name first.
+
+ editor empty.or.unknown
+ { "" }
+ {
+ "\bibfield{editor}{"
+ editor format.names.fml
+ * "}" *
+ editor num.names$ #1 >
+ { " (Eds.)" * }
+ { " (Ed.)" * }
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.editors }
+{ % format editor names for use in labels, last names first.
+ editor empty.or.unknown
+ { "" }
+ {
+ "\bibfield{editor}{"
+ editor format.names
+ * "}" *
+ editor num.names$ #1 >
+ { " (Eds.)." * }
+ { " (Ed.)." * }
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.articletitle }
+{
+ title empty.or.unknown
+ { "" }
+ % Use this to preserve lettercase in titles:
+ { "\showarticletitle{" title * "}" * }
+ % Use this for downcase title style:
+ % { \showarticletitle{" title "t" change.case$ * "}" * }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.title }
+{
+ title empty.or.unknown
+ { "" }
+ % Use this to preserve lettercase in titles:
+ { "\bibinfo{title}{" title * "}" * }
+ % Use this for downcase title style:
+ % { title "t" change.case$ }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { n.dashify }
+{
+ 't :=
+ ""
+ { t empty.or.unknown not }
+ {
+ t #1 #1 substring$ "-" =
+ {
+ t #1 #2 substring$ "--" = not
+ { "--" *
+ t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=
+ }
+ {
+ { t #1 #1 substring$ "-" = }
+ {
+ "-" *
+ t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=
+ }
+ while$
+ }
+ if$
+ }
+ {
+ t #1 #1 substring$ *
+ t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't :=
+ }
+ if$
+ }
+ while$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.a.title.with.edition }
+{
+ "\bibinfo{booktitle}{"
+ swap$ emphasize *
+ edition empty.or.unknown
+ 'skip$
+ { " (\bibinfo{edition}{" * edition "l" change.case$ *
+ "} ed.)" * } % jtb: no parens for ed.
+ if$
+ "}" *
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.btitle }
+{ title format.a.title.with.edition }
+
+FUNCTION { format.emphasize.booktitle }
+{ booktitle format.a.title.with.edition }
+
+FUNCTION { format.city }
+{
+ % jtb: if the preceding string (the title of the conference) is non-empty,
+ % jtb: append the location, otherwise leave empty (so as to trigger the
+ % jtb: error message in output.check
+
+ duplicate$ empty.or.unknown
+ { }
+ {
+ city empty.or.unknown
+ {
+ date empty.or.unknown
+ { }
+ { " (" * date * ")" * }
+ if$
+ }
+ {
+ date empty.or.unknown
+ { " (" * city * ")" * }
+ { " (" * city * ", " * date * ")" * }
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { tie.or.space.connect }
+{
+ duplicate$ text.length$ #3 <
+ { "~" }
+ { " " }
+ if$
+ swap$ * *
+}
+
+FUNCTION { either.or.check }
+{
+ empty.or.unknown
+ 'pop$
+ { "can't use both " swap$ * " fields in " * cite$ * warning$ }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.bvolume }
+{
+ % jtb: If there is a series, this is added and the volume trails after it.
+ % jtb: Otherwise, "Vol" is Capitalized.
+
+ volume empty.or.unknown
+ { "" }
+ {
+ series empty.or.unknown
+ { "Vol.~\bibinfo{volume}{" volume "}" * *}
+ { "\bibinfo{series}{" series "}, " * *
+ "Vol.~\bibinfo{volume}{" volume "}" * * *}
+ if$
+ "volume and number" number either.or.check
+ }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.bvolume.noseries }
+{
+ volume empty.or.unknown
+ { "" }
+ { "Vol.~\bibinfo{volume}{" volume "}" * *
+ "volume and number" number either.or.check
+ }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.series }
+{
+ series empty.or.unknown
+ {""}
+ {" \emph{(\bibinfo{series}{" * series "})}" *}
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.number.series }
+{
+ volume empty.or.unknown
+ {
+ number empty.or.unknown
+ {
+ volume empty.or.unknown
+ { "" }
+ {
+ series empty.or.unknown
+ { "" }
+ { " (\bibinfo{series}{" series * "})" * }
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+ } % { series field.or.null }
+ {
+ output.state mid.sentence =
+ { "Number" } % gnp - changed to mixed case always
+ { "Number" }
+ if$
+ number tie.or.space.connect series empty.or.unknown
+ { "there's a number but no series in " cite$ * warning$ }
+ { " in \bibinfo{series}{" * series * "}" * }
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+ }
+ {
+ ""
+ }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { multi.page.check }
+{
+ 't :=
+ #0 'multiresult :=
+ { multiresult not
+ t empty.or.unknown not
+ and
+ }
+ { t #1 #1 substring$
+ duplicate$ "-" =
+ swap$ duplicate$ "," =
+ swap$ "+" =
+ or or
+ { #1 'multiresult := }
+ { t #2 global.max$ substring$ 't := }
+ if$
+ }
+ while$
+ multiresult
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.pages }
+{
+ pages empty.or.unknown
+ { "" }
+ { "\bibinfo{pages}{"
+ pages multi.page.check
+ { pages n.dashify } % gnp - removed () % jtb: removed pp.
+ { pages }
+ if$
+ * "}" *
+ }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.pages.check.without.articleno }
+{ %% format pages field only if articleno is absent
+ %% Stack out: pages-specification
+ numpages missing$ pages missing$ and
+ { "page numbers missing in both pages and numpages fields in " cite$ * warning$ }
+ { }
+ if$
+
+ articleno empty.or.unknown eid empty.or.unknown and
+ {
+ pages missing$
+ { numpages }
+ { format.pages }
+ if$
+ }
+ { "" }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.pages.check }
+{
+ pages empty.or.unknown
+ { "page numbers missing in " cite$ * warning$ "" }
+ { pages n.dashify }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.bookpages }
+{
+ bookpages empty.or.unknown
+ { "" }
+ { bookpages "book pages" tie.or.space.connect }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.named.pages }
+{
+ pages empty.or.unknown
+ { "" }
+ { format.pages "pages" tie.or.space.connect }
+ if$
+}
+
+%
+% Changed by Boris Veytsman, 2011-03-13
+% Now the word "pages" is printed even if
+% there field pages is not empty.
+%
+
+FUNCTION { format.page.count }
+{
+ page.count empty.or.unknown
+ { "" }
+ { "\bibinfo{numpages}{" page.count * "}~pages" * }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.articleno.numpages }
+{
+ %% There are seven possible outputs, depending on which fields are set.
+ %%
+ %% These four are handled here:
+ %%
+ %% articleno, numpages, pages -> "Article articleno-value, numpages-value pages"
+ %% articleno, numpages -> "Article articleno-value, numpages-value pages"
+ %% articleno, pages -> "Article articleno-value, reduced-pages-value pages"
+ %% articleno -> "Article articleno-value" and warn about missing numpages
+ %%
+ %% The remaining three have already been handled by
+ %% format.pages.check.without.articleno:
+ %%
+ %% numpages, pages -> "pages-value"
+ %% numpages -> "numpages-value"
+ %% pages -> "pages-value"
+
+ articleno empty.or.unknown eid empty.or.unknown and
+ {
+ numpages empty.or.unknown
+ { }
+ { "numpages field, but no articleno or eid field, in "
+ cite$ * warning$ }
+ if$
+ ""
+ }
+ {
+ numpages empty.or.unknown
+ {
+ pages empty.or.unknown
+ {
+ "articleno or eid, but no pages or numpages field in "
+ cite$ * warning$
+ "" 'page.count :=
+ }
+ { reduce.pages.to.page.count }
+ if$
+ }
+ { numpages 'page.count := }
+ if$
+
+ %% The Article number is now handled in format.day.month.year because
+ %% ACM prefers the style "Digital Libraries 12, 3, Article 5 (July 2008)"
+ %% over "Digital Libraries 12, 3 (July 2008), Article 5"
+ %% format.articleno output
+ format.page.count
+ }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {calc.format.page.count}
+{
+ numpages empty.or.unknown
+ {
+ pages empty.or.unknown
+ {
+ "" 'page.count :=
+ }
+ { reduce.pages.to.page.count }
+ if$
+ }
+ { numpages 'page.count := }
+ if$
+ format.page.count
+}
+
+
+FUNCTION { journal.canon.abbrev }
+{
+ % Returns a canonical abbreviation for 'journal', or else 'journal'
+ % unchanged.
+ journal "ACM Computing Surveys" = { "Comput. Surveys" } {
+ journal "{ACM} Computing Surveys" = { "Comput. Surveys" } {
+ journal "ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software" = { "ACM Trans. Math. Software" } {
+ journal "{ACM} Transactions on Mathematical Software" = { "ACM Trans. Math. Software" } {
+ journal "ACM SIGNUM Newsletter" = { "ACM SIGNUM Newslett." } {
+ journal "ACM {SIGNUM} Newsletter" = { "ACM SIGNUM Newslett." } {
+ journal "{ACM} SIGNUM Newsletter" = { "ACM SIGNUM Newslett." } {
+ journal "{ACM} {SIGNUM} Newsletter" = { "ACM SIGNUM Newslett." } {
+ journal "American Journal of Sociology" = { "Amer. J. Sociology" } {
+ journal "American Mathematical Monthly" = { "Amer. Math. Monthly" } {
+ journal "American Mathematical Society Translations" = { "Amer. Math. Soc. Transl." } {
+ journal "Applied Mathematics and Computation" = { "Appl. Math. Comput." } {
+ journal "British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology" = { "Brit. J. Math. Statist. Psych." } {
+ journal "Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society" = { "Bull. Amer. Math. Soc." } {
+ journal "Canadian Mathematical Bulletin" = { "Canad. Math. Bull." } {
+ journal "Communications of the ACM" = { "Commun. ACM" } {
+ journal "Communications of the {ACM}" = { "Commun. ACM" } {
+ journal "Computers and Structures" = { "Comput. \& Structures" } {
+ journal "Contemporary Mathematics" = { "Contemp. Math." } {
+ journal "Crelle's Journal" = { "Crelle's J." } {
+ journal "Giornale di Mathematiche" = { "Giorn. Mat." } {
+ journal "IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems" = { "IEEE Trans. Aerospace Electron. Systems" } {
+ journal "{IEEE} Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems" = { "IEEE Trans. Aerospace Electron. Systems" } {
+ journal "IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control" = { "IEEE Trans. Automat. Control" } {
+ journal "{IEEE} Transactions on Automatic Control" = { "IEEE Trans. Automat. Control" } {
+ journal "IEEE Transactions on Computers" = { "IEEE Trans. Comput." } {
+ journal "{IEEE} Transactions on Computers" = { "IEEE Trans. Comput." } {
+ journal "IMA Journal of Numerical Analysis" = { "IMA J. Numer. Anal." } {
+ journal "{IMA} Journal of Numerical Analysis" = { "IMA J. Numer. Anal." } {
+ journal "Information Processing Letters" = { "Inform. Process. Lett." } {
+ journal "International Journal for Numerical Methods in Engineering" = { "Internat. J. Numer. Methods Engrg." } {
+ journal "International Journal of Control" = { "Internat. J. Control" } {
+ journal "International Journal of Supercomputing Applications" = { "Internat. J. Supercomputing Applic." } {
+ journal "Journal of Computational Physics" = { "J. Comput. Phys." } {
+ journal "Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics" = { "J. Comput. Appl. Math." } {
+ journal "Journal of Computer and System Sciences" = { "J. Comput. System Sci." } {
+ journal "Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications" = { "J. Math. Anal. Appl." } {
+ journal "Journal of Mathematical Physics" = { "J. Math. Phys." } {
+ journal "Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing" = { "J. Parallel and Distrib. Comput." } {
+ journal "Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards" = { "J. Res. Nat. Bur. Standards" } {
+ journal "Journal of VLSI and Computer Systems" = { "J. VLSI Comput. Syst." } {
+ journal "Journal of {VLSI} and Computer Systems" = { "J. VLSI Comput. Syst." } {
+ journal "Journal of the ACM" = { "J. ACM" } {
+ journal "Journal of the American Statistical Association" = { "J. Amer. Statist. Assoc." } {
+ journal "Journal of the Institute of Mathematics and its Applications" = { "J. Inst. Math. Appl." } {
+ journal "Journal of the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics" = { "J. Soc. Indust. Appl. Math." } {
+ journal "Journal of the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, Series B, Numerical Analysis" = { "J. Soc. Indust. Appl. Math. Ser. B Numer. Anal." } {
+ journal "Linear Algebra and its Applications" = { "Linear Algebra Appl." } {
+ journal "Mathematica Scandinavica" = { "Math. Scand." } {
+ journal "Mathematical Tables and Other Aids to Computation" = { "Math. Tables Aids Comput." } {
+ journal "Mathematics of Computation" = { "Math. Comp." } {
+ journal "Mathematische Annalen" = { "Math. Ann." } {
+ journal "Numerische Mathematik" = { "Numer. Math." } {
+ journal "Pacific Journal of Mathematics" = { "Pacific J. Math." } {
+ journal "Parallel Computing" = { "Parallel Comput." } {
+ journal "Philosophical Magazine" = { "Philos. Mag." } {
+ journal "Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society" = { "Proc. Amer. Math. Soc." } {
+ journal "Proceedings of the IEEE" = { "Proc. IEEE" } {
+ journal "Proceedings of the {IEEE}" = { "Proc. IEEE" } {
+ journal "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA" = { "Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. U. S. A." } {
+ journal "Quarterly Journal of Mathematics, Oxford, Series (2)" = { "Quart. J. Math. Oxford Ser. (2)" } {
+ journal "Quarterly of Applied Mathematics" = { "Quart. Appl. Math." } {
+ journal "Review of the International Statisical Institute" = { "Rev. Inst. Internat. Statist." } {
+ journal "SIAM Journal on Algebraic and Discrete Methods" = { "SIAM J. Algebraic Discrete Methods" } {
+ journal "{SIAM} Journal on Algebraic and Discrete Methods" = { "SIAM J. Algebraic Discrete Methods" } {
+ journal "SIAM Journal on Applied Mathematics" = { "SIAM J. Appl. Math." } {
+ journal "{SIAM} Journal on Applied Mathematics" = { "SIAM J. Appl. Math." } {
+ journal "SIAM Journal on Computing" = { "SIAM J. Comput." } {
+ journal "{SIAM} Journal on Computing" = { "SIAM J. Comput." } {
+ journal "SIAM Journal on Matrix Analysis and Applications" = { "SIAM J. Matrix Anal. Appl." } {
+ journal "{SIAM} Journal on Matrix Analysis and Applications" = { "SIAM J. Matrix Anal. Appl." } {
+ journal "SIAM Journal on Numerical Analysis" = { "SIAM J. Numer. Anal." } {
+ journal "{SIAM} Journal on Numerical Analysis" = { "SIAM J. Numer. Anal." } {
+ journal "SIAM Journal on Scientific and Statistical Computing" = { "SIAM J. Sci. Statist. Comput." } {
+ journal "{SIAM} Journal on Scientific and Statistical Computing" = { "SIAM J. Sci. Statist. Comput." } {
+ journal "SIAM Review" = { "SIAM Rev." } {
+ journal "{SIAM} Review" = { "SIAM Rev." } {
+ journal "Software Practice and Experience" = { "Software Prac. Experience" } {
+ journal "Statistical Science" = { "Statist. Sci." } {
+ journal "The Computer Journal" = { "Comput. J." } {
+ journal "Transactions of the American Mathematical Society" = { "Trans. Amer. Math. Soc." } {
+ journal "USSR Computational Mathematics and Mathematical Physics" = { "U. S. S. R. Comput. Math. and Math. Phys." } {
+ journal "{USSR} Computational Mathematics and Mathematical Physics" = { "U. S. S. R. Comput. Math. and Math. Phys." } {
+ journal "Zeitschrift fur Angewandte Mathematik und Mechanik" = { "Z. Angew. Math. Mech." } {
+ journal "Zeitschrift fur Angewandte Mathematik und Physik" = { "Z. Angew. Math. Phys." } {
+ journal
+ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$
+ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$
+ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$
+ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$
+ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$
+ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$
+ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$
+ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$ } if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.journal.volume.number.day.month.year }
+{
+ % By Young (and Spencer)
+ % GNP - fixed bugs with missing volume, number, and/or pages
+ %
+ % Format journal, volume, number, pages for article types.
+ %
+ journal empty.or.unknown
+ { "no journal in " cite$ * warning$ "" }
+ { "\bibinfo{journal}{"
+ journal.canon.abbrev emphasize *
+ "}" * }
+ if$
+
+ number empty.or.unknown
+ {
+ volume empty.or.unknown
+ { "no number and no volume in " cite$ * warning$ "" * }
+ { " " * " \bibinfo{volume}{" * volume * "}" * }
+ if$
+ }
+ {
+ volume empty.or.unknown
+ {
+ "unusual to have number, but no volume, for " cite$ * warning$
+ " \bibinfo{number}{" * number * "}" *
+ }
+ { " \bibinfo{volume}{" * volume * "}, \bibinfo{number}{" *
+ number * "}" *}
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+ after.block 'output.state :=
+
+ % Sometimes proceedings are published in journals
+ % In this case we do not want to put year, day and month here
+
+ type$ "inproceedings" =
+ { }
+ {format.day.month.year * }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.chapter.pages }
+{
+ chapter empty.or.unknown
+ 'format.pages
+ { type empty.or.unknown
+ { "Chapter" } % gnp - changed to mixed case
+ { type "t" change.case$ }
+ if$
+ chapter tie.or.space.connect
+ pages empty.or.unknown
+ {"page numbers missing in " cite$ * warning$} % gnp - added check
+ { ", " * format.pages * }
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.in.emphasize.booktitle }
+{ % jtb: format for collections or proceedings not appearing in a journal
+ booktitle empty.or.unknown
+ { "" }
+ { "In " format.emphasize.booktitle * }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.in.booktitle }
+{ % jtb: format for proceedings appearing in a journal
+ booktitle empty.or.unknown
+ { "" }
+ { "In \bibinfo{booktitle}{" booktitle * "}" * }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.in.ed.booktitle }
+{
+ booktitle empty.or.unknown
+ { "" }
+ { editor empty.or.unknown
+ { "In " format.emphasize.booktitle * }
+ % jtb: swapped editor location
+ { "In " format.emphasize.booktitle * ", " * format.editors.fml * }
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.thesis.type }
+{ % call with default type on stack top
+ type empty.or.unknown
+ 'skip$ % use default type
+ {
+ pop$ % discard default type
+ % NO: it is silly to have to brace protect every degree type!: type "t" change.case$
+ type
+ }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.tr.number }
+{
+ "\bibinfo{type}{"
+ type empty.or.unknown
+ { "{T}echnical {R}eport" }
+ 'type
+ if$
+ "}" * *
+ number empty.or.unknown
+ { "t" change.case$ }
+ %% LOOKS BAD: { "." * number tie.or.space.connect }
+ %% Prefer "Research report RJ687." to "Research report. RJ687."
+ { number tie.or.space.connect }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.advisor }
+{
+ advisor empty.or.unknown
+ { "" }
+ { "Advisor(s) " advisor * }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.article.crossref }
+{ "See"
+ "\citeN{" * crossref * "}" *
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.crossref.editor }
+{
+ editor #1 "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$
+ editor num.names$ duplicate$
+ #2 >
+ { pop$ " et~al\mbox{.}" * } % jrh: avoid spacing problems
+ { #2 <
+ 'skip$
+ { editor #2 "{ff }{vv }{ll}{ jj}" format.name$ "others" =
+ { " et~al\mbox{.}" * } % jrh: avoid spacing problems
+ { " and " * editor #2 "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$ * }
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.book.crossref }
+{
+ volume empty.or.unknown
+ { "empty volume in " cite$ * "'s crossref of " * crossref * warning$
+ "In "
+ }
+ { "Volume" volume tie.or.space.connect % gnp - changed to mixed case
+ " of " *
+ }
+ if$
+ editor empty.or.unknown
+ editor field.or.null author field.or.null =
+ or
+ { key empty.or.unknown
+ { series empty.or.unknown
+ { "need editor, key, or series for " cite$ * " to crossref " *
+ crossref * warning$
+ "" *
+ }
+ { series emphasize * }
+ if$
+ }
+ { key * }
+ if$
+ }
+ { format.crossref.editor * }
+ if$
+ " \citeN{" * crossref * "}" *
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.incoll.inproc.crossref }
+{ "See"
+ " \citeN{" * crossref * "}" *
+}
+
+FUNCTION { format.lab.names }
+{
+ % format.lab.names:
+ %
+ % determines "short" names for the abbreviated author information.
+ % "Long" labels are created in calc.label, using the routine my.full.label
+ % to format author and editor fields.
+ %
+ % There are 4 cases for labels. (n=3 in the example)
+ % a) one author Foo
+ % b) one to n Foo, Bar and Baz
+ % c) use of "and others" Foo, Bar et al.
+ % d) more than n Foo et al.
+
+ 's :=
+ s num.names$ 'numnames :=
+ numnames #2 > % change number to number of others allowed before
+ % forcing "et al".
+ { s #1 "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$ " et~al\mbox{.}" * } % jrh: \mbox{} added
+ {
+ numnames #1 - 'namesleft :=
+ #2 'nameptr :=
+ s #1 "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$
+ { namesleft #0 > }
+ { nameptr numnames =
+ { s nameptr "{ff }{vv }{ll}{ jj}" format.name$ "others" =
+ { " et~al\mbox{.}" * } % jrh: avoid spacing problems
+ { " and " * s nameptr "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$ * }
+ if$
+ }
+ { ", " * s nameptr "{vv~}{ll}" format.name$ * }
+ if$
+ nameptr #1 + 'nameptr :=
+ namesleft #1 - 'namesleft :=
+ }
+ while$
+ }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { author.key.label }
+{
+ author empty.or.unknown
+ { key empty.or.unknown
+ { "no key, author in " cite$ * warning$
+ cite$ #1 #3 substring$ }
+ 'key
+ if$
+ }
+ { author format.lab.names }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { editor.key.organization.label }
+{ % added - gnp. Provide label formatting by organization if editor is null.
+ editor empty.or.unknown
+ { organization empty.or.unknown
+ { key empty.or.unknown
+ { "no key, editor or organization in " cite$ * warning$
+ cite$ #1 #3 substring$ }
+ 'key
+ if$
+ }
+ { organization }
+ if$
+ }
+ { editor format.lab.names }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { author.editor.key.label }
+{
+ author empty.or.unknown
+ { editor empty.or.unknown
+ { key empty.or.unknown
+ { "no key, author, or editor in " cite$ * warning$
+ cite$ #1 #3 substring$ }
+ 'key
+ if$
+ }
+ { editor format.lab.names }
+ if$
+ }
+ { author format.lab.names }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { author.editor.key.organization.label }
+{ % added - gnp. Provide label formatting by organization if author is null.
+ author empty.or.unknown
+ { editor empty.or.unknown
+ { organization empty.or.unknown
+ { key empty.or.unknown
+ { "no key, author, editor or organization in " cite$ * warning$
+ cite$ #1 #3 substring$ }
+ 'key
+ if$
+ }
+ { organization }
+ if$
+ }
+ { editor format.lab.names }
+ if$
+ }
+ { author format.lab.names }
+ if$
+}
+
+% Calculate label and leave it on stack
+FUNCTION { calc.basic.label }
+{
+ type$ "book" =
+ type$ "inbook" =
+ or
+ type$ "article" =
+ or
+ 'author.editor.key.label
+ { type$ "proceedings" =
+ type$ "periodical" =
+ or
+ 'editor.key.organization.label
+ { type$ "manual" =
+ 'author.editor.key.organization.label
+ 'author.key.label
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+ duplicate$
+ year empty.or.unknown
+ { "[n. d.]" }
+ { year field.or.null purify$ #-1 #4 substring$}
+ if$
+ *
+ 'basic.label.year :=
+}
+
+FUNCTION { calc.label }
+{
+ % Changed - GNP. See also author.editor.organization.sort, editor.organization.sort
+ % Form label for BibTeX entry. The classification of which fields are used
+ % for which type of entry (book, inbook, etc.) are taken from alpha.bst.
+ % The change here from newapa is to also include organization as a
+ % citation label if author or editor is missing.
+
+ calc.basic.label
+
+ author empty.or.unknown % generate the full label citation information.
+ {
+ editor empty.or.unknown
+ {
+ organization empty.or.unknown
+ {
+ key empty.or.unknown
+ {
+ "no author, editor, organization, or key in " cite$ * warning$
+ "??"
+ }
+ { key }
+ if$
+ }
+ { organization }
+ if$
+ }
+ { editor my.full.label }
+ if$
+ }
+ { author my.full.label }
+ if$
+
+ % leave label on the stack, to be popped when required.
+
+ "}{" * swap$ * "}{" *
+ % year field.or.null purify$ #-1 #4 substring$ *
+ %
+ % save the year for sort processing afterwards (adding a, b, c, etc.)
+ %
+ year empty.or.unknown
+ { "[n. d.]" }
+ { year field.or.null purify$ #-1 #4 substring$}
+ if$
+ 'label.year :=
+}
+
+
+FUNCTION { output.bibitem }
+{
+ newline$
+ "\bibitem[\protect\citeauthoryear{" write$
+ calc.label write$
+ sort.year write$
+ "}]%" writeln
+ " {" write$
+ cite$ write$
+ "}" writeln
+ ""
+ before.all 'output.state :=
+}
+
+
+FUNCTION { output.issue.doi.coden.isxn.lccn.url.eprint }
+{ % enter and return with stack empty
+ %% We switch now from buffered output to output of complete lines, so
+ %% that the Issue .. URL data have their own lines, and are less likely
+ %% to be line-wrapped by BibTeX's short-sighted algorithm, which wraps
+ %% lines longer than 79 characters, backtracking to what it thinks is
+ %% a break point in the string. Any such wrapping MUST be undone to
+ %% prevent percent-newline from appearing in DOIs and URLs. The
+ %% output data are intentionally wrapped in \showxxx{} macros at
+ %% beginning of line, and that supply their own punctuation (if they
+ %% are not defined to suppress output entirely), to make it easier for
+ %% other software to recover them from .bbl files.
+ %%
+ %% It also makes it possible to later change the macro definitions
+ %% to suppress particular output values, or alter their appearance.
+ %%
+ %% Note that it is possible for theses, technical reports, and
+ %% manuals to have ISBNs, and anything that has an ISBN may also
+ %% have an ISSN. When there are no values for these keys, there
+ %% is no output generated for them here.
+
+ "\newblock" writeln
+ after.block 'output.state :=
+
+ output.issue
+ output.isbn
+ output.coden % CODEN is functionally like ISSN, so output them sequentially
+ output.issn
+ output.lccn
+ output.doi % DOI is ALWAYS last according to CrossRef DOI documentation
+ output.eprint
+ output.url % but ACM wants URL last
+}
+
+FUNCTION { output.issue.doi.coden.isxn.lccn.url.eprint.note }
+{ % enter with stack empty, return with empty string on stack
+ output.issue.doi.coden.isxn.lccn.url.eprint
+ note empty.or.unknown
+ { }
+ {
+ "\newblock" writeln
+ output.note
+ }
+ if$
+ ""
+}
+
+FUNCTION { output.issue.doi.coden.isxn.lccn.url.eprint.note.check }
+{ % enter with stack empty, return with empty string on stack
+ output.issue.doi.coden.isxn.lccn.url.eprint
+ note empty.or.unknown
+ { }
+ {
+ "\newblock" writeln
+ output.note.check
+ }
+ if$
+ ""
+}
+
+FUNCTION { article }
+{
+ output.bibitem
+
+ author empty.or.unknown
+ {
+ editor empty.or.unknown
+ { "neither author and editor supplied for " cite$ * warning$ }
+ { format.editors "editor" output.check }
+ if$
+ }
+ { format.authors "author" output.check }
+ if$
+
+ author format.no.key output % added
+ output.year.check % added
+ new.block
+ format.articletitle "title" output.check
+ new.block
+ howpublished empty.or.unknown
+ { }
+ { "\bibinfo{howpublished}{" howpublished "}" * * output }
+ if$
+
+ crossref missing$
+ { format.journal.volume.number.day.month.year output}
+ {
+ "cross reference in @Article{...} is unusual" warning$
+ format.article.crossref output.nonnull
+ }
+ if$
+
+ format.pages.check.without.articleno output
+ format.articleno.numpages output
+ fin.block
+ output.issue.doi.coden.isxn.lccn.url.eprint.note
+ fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION { book }
+{
+ output.bibitem
+ author empty.or.unknown
+ { format.editors "author and editor" output.check }
+ { format.authors output.nonnull
+ crossref missing$
+ { "author and editor" editor either.or.check }
+ 'skip$
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+ output.year.check % added
+ new.block
+ format.btitle "title" output.check
+ crossref missing$
+ { new.sentence % jtb: start a new sentence for series/volume
+ format.bvolume output
+ new.block
+ format.number.series output
+ new.sentence
+ publisher "publisher" bibinfo.output.check
+ address "address" bibinfo.output.check % jtb: require address
+ fin.sentence
+ pages empty.or.unknown
+ { format.bookpages } % use bookpages when pages empty
+ { format.pages.check "pages" tie.or.space.connect }
+ if$
+ output
+ }
+ { new.block
+ format.book.crossref output.nonnull
+ }
+ if$
+ fin.block
+ output.issue.doi.coden.isxn.lccn.url.eprint.note
+ fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION { booklet }
+{
+ output.bibitem
+ format.authors output
+ author format.key output % added
+ output.year.check % added
+ new.block
+ format.title "title" output.check
+ new.block
+ howpublished empty.or.unknown
+ { }
+ { "\bibinfo{howpublished}{" howpublished "}" * * output }
+ if$
+ address output
+ fin.block
+ output.issue.doi.coden.isxn.lccn.url.eprint.note
+ fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION { inbook }
+{
+ output.bibitem
+ author empty.or.unknown
+ { format.editors
+ "author and editor" output.check
+ }
+ { format.authors output.nonnull
+ crossref missing$
+ { "author and editor" editor either.or.check }
+ 'skip$
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+ output.year.check % added
+ new.block
+ format.btitle "title" output.check
+ crossref missing$
+ { new.sentence % jtb: start a new sentence for series/volume
+ format.bvolume output
+ new.block
+ format.number.series output
+ new.sentence
+ publisher "publisher" bibinfo.output.check
+ address "address" bibinfo.output.check % jtb: require address
+ format.bookpages output
+ format.chapter.pages
+ "chapter and pages" output.check % jtb: moved from before publisher
+ }
+ {
+ format.bookpages output
+ format.chapter.pages "chapter and pages" output.check
+ new.block
+ format.book.crossref output.nonnull
+ }
+ if$
+ fin.block
+ output.issue.doi.coden.isxn.lccn.url.eprint.note
+ fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION { incollection }
+{
+ output.bibitem
+ format.authors "author" output.check
+ author format.key output % added
+ output.year.check % added
+ new.block
+ format.articletitle "title" output.check
+ new.block
+ crossref missing$
+ { format.in.ed.booktitle "booktitle" output.check
+ new.sentence % jtb: start a new sentence for series/volume
+ format.bvolume output
+ format.number.series output
+ new.sentence
+ publisher "publisher" bibinfo.output.check
+ address "address" bibinfo.output.check % jtb: require address
+ format.bookpages output
+ format.chapter.pages output % gnp - was special.output.nonnull
+ % left out comma before page numbers
+ % jtb: moved from before publisher
+ }
+ {
+ format.incoll.inproc.crossref output.nonnull
+ format.chapter.pages output
+ }
+ if$
+ fin.block
+ output.issue.doi.coden.isxn.lccn.url.eprint.note
+ fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION { inproceedings }
+{
+ output.bibitem
+ format.authors "author" output.check
+ author format.key output % added
+ output.year.check % added
+ new.block
+ format.articletitle "title" output.check
+ howpublished empty.or.unknown
+ { }
+ { "\bibinfo{howpublished}{" howpublished "}" * * output.dot.space }
+ if$
+ crossref missing$
+ {
+ journal missing$ % jtb: proceedings appearing in journals
+ { format.in.emphasize.booktitle format.city "booktitle" output.check.dot.space
+ format.series output.removenospace
+ format.editors.fml output % BV 2011/09/27 Moved dot to comma
+ format.bvolume.noseries output
+ new.sentence
+ organization output
+ publisher "publisher" bibinfo.output.check % jtb: require publisher (?)
+ address "address" bibinfo.output.check % jtb: require address
+ format.bookpages output
+ }
+ {
+ format.in.booktitle format.city "booktitle" output.check
+ format.editors.fml output
+ new.sentence
+ format.journal.volume.number.day.month.year output
+ }
+ if$
+ format.articleno output
+ format.pages.check.without.articleno output
+ }
+ {
+ format.incoll.inproc.crossref output.nonnull
+ format.articleno output
+ format.pages.check.without.articleno output
+ }
+ if$
+ format.articleno.numpages output
+ fin.block
+ output.issue.doi.coden.isxn.lccn.url.eprint.note
+ fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION { conference } { inproceedings }
+
+FUNCTION { manual }
+{
+ output.bibitem
+ author empty.or.unknown
+ { editor empty.or.unknown
+ { organization "organization" output.check
+ organization format.key output } % if all else fails, use key
+ { format.editors "author and editor" output.check }
+ if$
+ }
+ { format.authors output.nonnull }
+ if$
+ output.year.check % added
+ new.block
+ format.btitle "title" output.check
+ organization address new.block.checkb
+ % jtb: back to normal style: organization, address
+ organization "organization" output.check
+ address output
+ fin.block
+ output.issue.doi.coden.isxn.lccn.url.eprint.note
+ fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION { mastersthesis }
+{
+ output.bibitem
+ format.authors "author" output.check
+ author format.key output % added
+ output.year.check % added
+ new.block
+ format.title emphasize "title" output.check % NB: ACM style requires emphasized thesis title
+ new.block
+ "\bibinfo{thesistype}{Master's\ thesis}" format.thesis.type output
+ new.sentence
+ school "school" bibinfo.output.check
+ address empty.or.unknown
+ { }
+ { "\bibinfo{address}{" address * "}" * output }
+ if$
+ new.block
+ format.advisor output
+ fin.block
+ output.issue.doi.coden.isxn.lccn.url.eprint.note
+ fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION { misc }
+{
+ output.bibitem
+ format.authors "author" output.check
+ author format.key output % added
+ output.year.check % added
+ title howpublished new.block.checkb
+ format.title output
+ new.block
+ howpublished empty.or.unknown
+ { }
+ { "\bibinfo{howpublished}{" howpublished "}" * * output }
+ if$
+ "" output.nonnull.dot.space
+ output.day.month.year
+ calc.format.page.count output
+ fin.block
+ output.issue.doi.coden.isxn.lccn.url.eprint.note
+ fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION { online } { misc }
+
+FUNCTION { game } { misc }
+
+
+FUNCTION { phdthesis }
+{
+ output.bibitem
+ format.authors "author" output.check
+ author format.key output % added
+ output.year.check % added
+ new.block
+ format.title emphasize "title" output.check % NB: ACM style requires emphasized thesis title
+ new.block
+ "\bibinfo{thesistype}{Ph.D. Dissertation}" format.thesis.type output
+ new.sentence
+ school "school" bibinfo.output.check
+ address empty.or.unknown
+ { }
+ { "\bibinfo{address}{" address * "}" * output }
+ if$
+ new.block
+ format.advisor output
+ fin.block
+ output.issue.doi.coden.isxn.lccn.url.eprint.note
+ fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION {format.date}
+{ year empty.or.unknown
+ { month empty.or.unknown
+ {
+ "" % output empty date if year/month both empty
+ day empty.or.unknown
+ { }
+ { "there's a day but no month or year in " cite$ * warning$ }
+ if$
+ }
+ { "there's a month but no year in " cite$ * warning$
+ month
+ day empty.or.unknown
+ { }
+ { " " * day * }
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+ }
+ { month empty.or.unknown
+ {
+ year % output only year if month empty
+ day empty.or.unknown
+ { }
+ { "there's a day and year but no month in " cite$ * warning$ }
+ if$
+ }
+ {
+ month " " *
+ day empty.or.unknown
+ { }
+ { day * ", " * }
+ if$
+ year *
+ }
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION {new.block.checka}
+{
+ empty.or.unknown
+ 'skip$
+ 'new.block
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { periodical }
+{
+ output.bibitem
+ editor empty.or.unknown
+ { organization output }
+ { format.editors output.nonnull }
+ if$
+ new.block
+ output.year.check
+ new.sentence
+ format.articletitle "title" output.check
+ format.journal.volume.number.day.month.year output
+ calc.format.page.count output
+ fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION { proceedings }
+{
+ output.bibitem
+ editor empty.or.unknown
+ { organization output
+ organization format.key output } % gnp - changed from author format.key
+ { format.editors output.nonnull }
+ if$
+ % author format.key output % gnp - removed (should be either
+ % editor or organization
+ output.year.check % added (newapa)
+ new.block
+ format.btitle format.city "title" output.check % jtb: added city
+ new.sentence
+ format.bvolume output
+ format.number.series output
+ new.sentence
+ organization output
+ % jtb: normal order: publisher, address
+ publisher empty.or.unknown
+ { }
+ { "\bibinfo{publisher}{" publisher * "}" * output }
+ if$
+ address empty.or.unknown
+ { }
+ { "\bibinfo{address}{" address * "}" * output }
+ if$
+ fin.block
+ output.issue.doi.coden.isxn.lccn.url.eprint.note
+ fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION { collection } { proceedings }
+
+FUNCTION { techreport }
+{
+ output.bibitem
+ format.authors "author" output.check
+ author format.key output % added
+ output.year.check % added
+ new.block
+ format.btitle "title" output.check
+ new.block
+% format.tr.number output % jtb: moved month ...
+ format.tr.number output new.sentence % Gerry - need dot 2011/09/28
+ institution "institution" bibinfo.output.check
+ address empty.or.unknown
+ { }
+ { "\bibinfo{address}{" address "}" * * output }
+ if$
+ new.sentence
+ format.named.pages output
+ % ACM omits year at end in transactions style
+ % format.day.month.year output.nonnull.dot.space % jtb: ... to here (no parens)
+ fin.block
+ output.issue.doi.coden.isxn.lccn.url.eprint.note
+ fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION { unpublished }
+{
+ output.bibitem
+ format.authors
+ "author" output.check
+ author format.key output % added
+ output.year.check % added
+ new.block
+ format.title "title" output.check
+ fin.sentence
+ output.day.month.year % UTAH
+ calc.format.page.count output
+ fin.block
+ output.issue.doi.coden.isxn.lccn.url.eprint.note.check
+ fin.entry
+}
+
+FUNCTION { default.type } { misc }
+
+%%% ACM journal-style month definitions: full name if 1--5 letters, else
+%%% abbreviation of 3 or 4 characters and a dot
+
+MACRO {jan} {"Jan."}
+
+MACRO {feb} {"Feb."}
+
+MACRO {mar} {"March"}
+
+MACRO {apr} {"April"}
+
+MACRO {may} {"May"}
+
+MACRO {jun} {"June"}
+
+MACRO {jul} {"July"}
+
+MACRO {aug} {"Aug."}
+
+MACRO {sep} {"Sept."}
+
+MACRO {oct} {"Oct."}
+
+MACRO {nov} {"Nov."}
+
+MACRO {dec} {"Dec."}
+
+
+
+READ
+
+FUNCTION { sortify }
+{
+ purify$
+ "l" change.case$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { chop.word }
+{
+ 's :=
+ 'len :=
+ s #1 len substring$ =
+ { s len #1 + global.max$ substring$ }
+ 's
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { sort.format.names }
+{
+ 's :=
+ #1 'nameptr :=
+ ""
+ s num.names$ 'numnames :=
+ numnames 'namesleft :=
+ { namesleft #0 > }
+ { nameptr #1 >
+ { " " * }
+ 'skip$
+ if$
+ s nameptr "{vv{ } }{ll{ }}{ f{ }}{ jj{ }}" format.name$ 't :=
+ nameptr numnames = t "others" = and
+ { " et~al" * }
+ { t sortify * }
+ if$
+ nameptr #1 + 'nameptr :=
+ namesleft #1 - 'namesleft :=
+ }
+ while$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { sort.format.title }
+{
+ 't :=
+ "A " #2
+ "An " #3
+ "The " #4 t chop.word
+ chop.word
+ chop.word
+ sortify
+ #1 global.max$ substring$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { author.sort }
+{
+ author empty.or.unknown
+ { key empty.or.unknown
+ { "to sort, need author or key in " cite$ * warning$
+ "" }
+ { key sortify }
+ if$
+ }
+ { author sort.format.names }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { author.editor.sort }
+{
+ author empty.or.unknown
+ {
+ editor empty.or.unknown
+ {
+ key empty.or.unknown
+ { "to sort, need author, editor, or key in " cite$ * warning$
+ ""
+ }
+ { key sortify }
+ if$
+ }
+ { editor sort.format.names }
+ if$
+ }
+ { author sort.format.names }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { editor.organization.sort }
+{
+ % added - GNP. Stack editor or organization for sorting (from alpha.bst).
+ % Unlike alpha.bst, we need entire names, not abbreviations
+
+ editor empty.or.unknown
+ { organization empty.or.unknown
+ { key empty.or.unknown
+ { "to sort, need editor, organization, or key in " cite$ * warning$
+ ""
+ }
+ { key sortify }
+ if$
+ }
+ { organization sortify }
+ if$
+ }
+ { editor sort.format.names }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { author.editor.organization.sort }
+{
+ % added - GNP. Stack author or organization for sorting (from alpha.bst).
+ % Unlike alpha.bst, we need entire names, not abbreviations
+
+ author empty.or.unknown
+ {
+ editor empty.or.unknown
+ { organization empty.or.unknown
+ { key empty.or.unknown
+ { "to sort, need author, editor, or key in " cite$ * warning$
+ ""
+ }
+ { key sortify }
+ if$
+ }
+ { organization sortify }
+ if$
+ }
+ { editor sort.format.names }
+ if$
+ }
+ { author sort.format.names }
+ if$
+}
+
+FUNCTION { presort }
+{
+ % Presort creates the bibentry's label via a call to calc.label, and then
+ % sorts the entries based on entry type. Chicago.bst adds support for
+ % including organizations as the sort key; the following is stolen from
+ % alpha.bst.
+
+ calc.label
+ basic.label.year
+ swap$
+ " "
+ swap$
+ * *
+ " "
+ *
+ sortify
+ year field.or.null purify$ #-1 #4 substring$ * % add year
+ " "
+ *
+ type$ "book" =
+ type$ "inbook" =
+ or
+ type$ "article" =
+ or
+ 'author.editor.sort
+ { type$ "proceedings" =
+ type$ "periodical" =
+ or
+ 'editor.organization.sort
+ { type$ "manual" =
+ 'author.editor.organization.sort
+ 'author.sort
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+ }
+ if$
+ #1 entry.max$ substring$ % added for newapa
+ 'sort.label := % added for newapa
+ sort.label % added for newapa
+ *
+ " "
+ *
+ title field.or.null
+ sort.format.title
+ *
+ #1 entry.max$ substring$
+ 'sort.key$ :=
+}
+
+
+
+ITERATE { presort }
+
+SORT % by label, year, author/editor, title
+
+% From plainnat.bst
+STRINGS { longest.label }
+
+INTEGERS { longest.label.width number.label }
+
+FUNCTION {initialize.longest.label}
+{ "" 'longest.label :=
+ #0 int.to.chr$ 'last.label :=
+ "" 'next.extra :=
+ #0 'longest.label.width :=
+ #0 'last.extra.num :=
+ #0 'number.label :=
+}
+
+
+
+FUNCTION { initialize.extra.label.stuff }
+{ #0 int.to.chr$ 'last.label :=
+ "" 'next.extra :=
+ #0 'last.extra.num :=
+}
+
+FUNCTION { forward.pass }
+{
+ % Pass through all entries, comparing current entry to last one.
+ % Need to concatenate year to the stack (done by calc.label) to determine
+ % if two entries are the same (see presort)
+
+ last.label
+ calc.basic.label year field.or.null purify$ #-1 #4 substring$ * % add year
+ #1 entry.max$ substring$ = % are they equal?
+ { last.extra.num #1 + 'last.extra.num :=
+ last.extra.num int.to.chr$ 'extra.label :=
+ }
+ { "a" chr.to.int$ 'last.extra.num :=
+ "" 'extra.label :=
+ calc.basic.label year field.or.null purify$ #-1 #4 substring$ * % add year
+ #1 entry.max$ substring$ 'last.label := % assign to last.label
+ }
+ if$
+ number.label #1 + 'number.label :=
+}
+
+FUNCTION { reverse.pass }
+{
+ next.extra "b" =
+ { "a" 'extra.label := }
+ 'skip$
+ if$
+ label.year extra.label * 'sort.year :=
+ extra.label 'next.extra :=
+}
+
+EXECUTE {initialize.extra.label.stuff}
+EXECUTE {initialize.longest.label}
+
+
+ITERATE {forward.pass}
+
+REVERSE {reverse.pass}
+
+FUNCTION { bib.sort.order }
+{
+ sort.label
+ " "
+ *
+ year field.or.null sortify
+ *
+ " "
+ *
+ title field.or.null
+ sort.format.title
+ *
+ #1 entry.max$ substring$
+ 'sort.key$ :=
+}
+
+ITERATE { bib.sort.order }
+
+SORT % by sort.label, year, title --- giving final bib. order.
+
+FUNCTION { begin.bib }
+{
+ %% Set to #0 show 13-digit ISBN in preference to 10-digit ISBN.
+ %% Set to #1 to show both 10-digit and 13-digit ISBNs.
+ #1 'show-isbn-10-and-13 :=
+
+ "%%% -*-BibTeX-*-" writeln
+ "%%% Do NOT edit. File created by BibTeX with style" writeln
+ "%%% ACM-Reference-Format-Journals [18-Jan-2012]." writeln
+ "" writeln
+
+ preamble$ empty.or.unknown
+ 'skip$
+ { preamble$ writeln }
+ if$
+ "\begin{thebibliography}{" number.label int.to.str$ * "}" * writeln
+ "" writeln
+ "%%% ====================================================================" writeln
+ "%%% NOTE TO THE USER: you can override these defaults by providing" writeln
+ "%%% customized versions of any of these macros before the \bibliography" writeln
+ "%%% command. Each of them MUST provide its own final punctuation," writeln
+ "%%% except for \shownote{}, \showDOI{}, and \showURL{}. The latter two" writeln
+ "%%% do not use final punctuation, in order to avoid confusing it with" writeln
+ "%%% the Web address." writeln
+ "%%%" writeln
+ "%%% To suppress output of a particular field, define its macro to expand" writeln
+ "%%% to an empty string, or better, \unskip, like this:" writeln
+ "%%%" writeln
+ "%%% \newcommand{\showDOI}[1]{\unskip} % LaTeX syntax" writeln
+ "%%%" writeln
+ "%%% \def \showDOI #1{\unskip} % plain TeX syntax" writeln
+ "%%%" writeln
+ "%%% ====================================================================" writeln
+ "" writeln
+
+ %% ACM publications do not use CODEN, ISSN, and LCCN data, so their default
+ %% macro wrappers expand to \unskip, discarding their values and unwanted
+ %% space.
+ %%
+ %% For other publications, prior definitions like these may be useful:
+ %%
+ %% Plain TeX:
+ %% \def \showCODEN #1{CODEN #1.}
+ %% \def \showISSN #1{ISSN #1.}
+ %% \def \showLCCN #1{LCCN #1.}
+ %%
+ %% LaTeX:
+ %% \newcommand{\showCODEN}[1]{CODEN #1.}
+ %% \newcommand{\showISSN}[1]#1{ISSN #1.}
+ %% \newcommand{\showLCCN}[1]{LCCN #1.}
+
+ "\ifx \showCODEN \undefined \def \showCODEN #1{\unskip} \fi" writeln
+ "\ifx \showDOI \undefined \def \showDOI #1{#1}\fi" writeln
+ % ACM styles omit ISBNs, but they can be included by suitable definitions of
+ % \showISBNx and \showISBNxiii before the .bbl file is read
+ "\ifx \showISBNx \undefined \def \showISBNx #1{\unskip} \fi" writeln
+ "\ifx \showISBNxiii \undefined \def \showISBNxiii #1{\unskip} \fi" writeln
+ "\ifx \showISSN \undefined \def \showISSN #1{\unskip} \fi" writeln
+ "\ifx \showLCCN \undefined \def \showLCCN #1{\unskip} \fi" writeln
+ "\ifx \shownote \undefined \def \shownote #1{#1} \fi" writeln % NB: final period supplied by add.period$ above
+ "\ifx \showarticletitle \undefined \def \showarticletitle #1{#1} \fi" writeln
+ "\ifx \showURL \undefined \def \showURL {\relax} \fi" writeln
+ "% The following commands are used for tagged output and should be " writeln
+ "% invisible to TeX" writeln
+ "\providecommand\bibfield[2]{#2}" writeln
+ "\providecommand\bibinfo[2]{#2}" writeln
+ "\providecommand\natexlab[1]{#1}" writeln
+ "\providecommand\showeprint[2][]{arXiv:#2}" writeln
+}
+
+EXECUTE {begin.bib}
+
+EXECUTE {init.state.consts}
+
+ITERATE {call.type$}
+
+FUNCTION { end.bib }
+{
+ newline$
+ "\end{thebibliography}"
+ writeln
+}
+
+EXECUTE {end.bib}
diff --git a/paper/acmart.cls b/paper/acmart.cls
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1491374
--- /dev/null
+++ b/paper/acmart.cls
@@ -0,0 +1,2569 @@
+%%
+%% This is file `acmart.cls',
+%% generated with the docstrip utility.
+%%
+%% The original source files were:
+%%
+%% acmart.dtx (with options: `class')
+%%
+%% IMPORTANT NOTICE:
+%%
+%% For the copyright see the source file.
+%%
+%% Any modified versions of this file must be renamed
+%% with new filenames distinct from acmart.cls.
+%%
+%% For distribution of the original source see the terms
+%% for copying and modification in the file acmart.dtx.
+%%
+%% This generated file may be distributed as long as the
+%% original source files, as listed above, are part of the
+%% same distribution. (The sources need not necessarily be
+%% in the same archive or directory.)
+%% \CharacterTable
+%% {Upper-case \A\B\C\D\E\F\G\H\I\J\K\L\M\N\O\P\Q\R\S\T\U\V\W\X\Y\Z
+%% Lower-case \a\b\c\d\e\f\g\h\i\j\k\l\m\n\o\p\q\r\s\t\u\v\w\x\y\z
+%% Digits \0\1\2\3\4\5\6\7\8\9
+%% Exclamation \! Double quote \" Hash (number) \#
+%% Dollar \$ Percent \% Ampersand \&
+%% Acute accent \' Left paren \( Right paren \)
+%% Asterisk \* Plus \+ Comma \,
+%% Minus \- Point \. Solidus \/
+%% Colon \: Semicolon \; Less than \<
+%% Equals \= Greater than \> Question mark \?
+%% Commercial at \@ Left bracket \[ Backslash \\
+%% Right bracket \] Circumflex \^ Underscore \_
+%% Grave accent \` Left brace \{ Vertical bar \|
+%% Right brace \} Tilde \~}
+\NeedsTeXFormat{LaTeX2e}
+\ProvidesClass{acmart}
+[2018/01/24 v1.49 Typesetting articles for the Association for
+Computing Machinery]
+\def\@classname{acmart}
+\InputIfFileExists{acmart-preload-hook.tex}{%
+ \ClassWarning{\@classname}{%
+ I am loading acmart-preload-hook.tex. You are fully responsible
+ for any problems from now on.}}{}
+\RequirePackage{xkeyval}
+\RequirePackage{xstring}
+\define@choicekey*+{acmart.cls}{format}[\ACM@format\ACM@format@nr]{%
+ manuscript, acmsmall, acmlarge, acmtog, sigconf, siggraph,
+ sigplan, sigchi, sigchi-a}[manuscript]{}{%
+ \ClassError{\@classname}{The option format must be manuscript,
+ acmsmall, acmlarge, acmtog, sigconf, siggraph,
+ sigplan, sigchi or sigchi-a}}
+\def\@DeclareACMFormat#1{\DeclareOptionX{#1}{\setkeys{acmart.cls}{format=#1}}}
+\@DeclareACMFormat{manuscript}
+\@DeclareACMFormat{acmsmall}
+\@DeclareACMFormat{acmlarge}
+\@DeclareACMFormat{acmtog}
+\@DeclareACMFormat{sigconf}
+\@DeclareACMFormat{siggraph}
+\@DeclareACMFormat{sigplan}
+\@DeclareACMFormat{sigchi}
+\@DeclareACMFormat{sigchi-a}
+\ExecuteOptionsX{format}
+\define@boolkey+{acmart.cls}[@ACM@]{screen}[true]{%
+ \if@ACM@screen
+ \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Using screen mode}%
+ \else
+ \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Not using screen mode}%
+ \fi}{\PackageError{\@classname}{The option screen can be either true or
+ false}}
+\ExecuteOptionsX{screen=false}
+\define@boolkey+{acmart.cls}[@ACM@]{acmthm}[true]{%
+ \if@ACM@acmthm
+ \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Requiring acmthm}%
+ \else
+ \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Suppressing acmthm}%
+ \fi}{\PackageError{\@classname}{The option acmthm can be either true or
+ false}}
+\ExecuteOptionsX{acmthm=true}
+\define@boolkey+{acmart.cls}[@ACM@]{review}[true]{%
+ \if@ACM@review
+ \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Using review mode}%
+ \AtBeginDocument{\@ACM@printfoliostrue}%
+ \else
+ \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Not using review mode}%
+ \fi}{\PackageError{\@classname}{The option review can be either true or
+ false}}
+\ExecuteOptionsX{review=false}
+\define@boolkey+{acmart.cls}[@ACM@]{authorversion}[true]{%
+ \if@ACM@authorversion
+ \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Using authorversion mode}%
+ \else
+ \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Not using authorversion mode}%
+ \fi}{\PackageError{\@classname}{The option authorversion can be either true or
+ false}}
+\ExecuteOptionsX{authorversion=false}
+\define@boolkey+{acmart.cls}[@ACM@]{natbib}[true]{%
+ \if@ACM@natbib
+ \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Explicitly selecting natbib mode}%
+ \else
+ \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Explicitly deselecting natbib mode}%
+ \fi}{\PackageError{\@classname}{The option natbib can be either true or
+ false}}
+\ExecuteOptionsX{natbib=true}
+\define@boolkey+{acmart.cls}[@ACM@]{anonymous}[true]{%
+ \if@ACM@anonymous
+ \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Using anonymous mode}%
+ \else
+ \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Not using anonymous mode}%
+ \fi}{\PackageError{\@classname}{The option anonymous can be either true or
+ false}}
+\ExecuteOptionsX{anonymous=false}
+\define@boolkey+{acmart.cls}[@ACM@]{timestamp}[true]{%
+ \if@ACM@timestamp
+ \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Using timestamp mode}%
+ \else
+ \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Not using timestamp mode}%
+ \fi}{\PackageError{\@classname}{The option timestamp can be either true or
+ false}}
+\ExecuteOptionsX{timestamp=false}
+\define@boolkey+{acmart.cls}[@ACM@]{authordraft}[true]{%
+ \if@ACM@authordraft
+ \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Using authordraft mode}%
+ \@ACM@timestamptrue
+ \@ACM@reviewtrue
+ \else
+ \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Not using authordraft mode}%
+ \fi}{\PackageError{\@classname}{The option authordraft can be either true or
+ false}}
+\ExecuteOptionsX{authordraft=false}
+\def\ACM@fontsize{}
+\DeclareOptionX{9pt}{\edef\ACM@fontsize{\CurrentOption}}
+\DeclareOptionX{10pt}{\edef\ACM@fontsize{\CurrentOption}}
+\DeclareOptionX{11pt}{\edef\ACM@fontsize{\CurrentOption}}
+\DeclareOptionX{12pt}{\edef\ACM@fontsize{\CurrentOption}}
+\DeclareOptionX{draft}{\PassOptionsToClass{\CurrentOption}{amsart}}
+\DeclareOptionX{*}{\PassOptionsToClass{\CurrentOption}{amsart}}
+\ProcessOptionsX
+\ClassInfo{\@classname}{Using format \ACM@format, number \ACM@format@nr}
+\newif\if@ACM@manuscript
+\newif\if@ACM@journal
+\newif\if@ACM@sigchiamode
+\ifnum\ACM@format@nr=5\relax % siggraph
+ \ClassWarning{\@classname}{The format siggraph is now obsolete.
+ I am switching to sigconf.}
+ \setkeys{acmart.cls}{format=sigconf}
+\fi
+\ifnum\ACM@format@nr=0\relax
+ \@ACM@manuscripttrue
+\else
+ \@ACM@manuscriptfalse
+\fi
+\@ACM@sigchiamodefalse
+\ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+\relax % manuscript
+ \@ACM@journaltrue
+\or % acmsmall
+ \@ACM@journaltrue
+\or % acmlarge
+ \@ACM@journaltrue
+\or % acmtog
+ \@ACM@journaltrue
+\or % sigconf
+ \@ACM@journalfalse
+\or % siggraph
+ \@ACM@journalfalse
+ \or % sigplan
+ \@ACM@journalfalse
+ \or % sigchi
+ \@ACM@journalfalse
+\or % sigchi-a
+ \@ACM@journalfalse
+ \@ACM@sigchiamodetrue
+\fi
+\ifx\ACM@fontsize\@empty
+ \ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+ \relax % manuscript
+ \def\ACM@fontsize{9pt}%
+ \or % acmsmall
+ \def\ACM@fontsize{10pt}%
+ \or % acmlarge
+ \def\ACM@fontsize{10pt}%
+ \or % acmtog
+ \def\ACM@fontsize{9pt}%
+ \or % sigconf
+ \def\ACM@fontsize{9pt}%
+ \or % siggraph
+ \def\ACM@fontsize{9pt}%
+ \or % sigplan
+ \def\ACM@fontsize{10pt}%
+ \or % sigchi
+ \def\ACM@fontsize{10pt}%
+ \or % sigchi-a
+ \def\ACM@fontsize{10pt}%
+ \fi
+\fi
+\ClassInfo{\@classname}{Using fontsize \ACM@fontsize}
+\LoadClass[\ACM@fontsize, reqno]{amsart}
+\RequirePackage{microtype}
+\RequirePackage{etoolbox}
+\RequirePackage{refcount}
+\RequirePackage{totpages}
+\RequirePackage{environ}
+\if@ACM@manuscript
+\RequirePackage{setspace}
+\onehalfspacing
+\fi
+\RequirePackage{textcase}
+\if@ACM@natbib
+ \RequirePackage{natbib}
+ \renewcommand{\bibsection}{%
+ \section*{\refname}%
+ \phantomsection\addcontentsline{toc}{section}{\refname}%
+ }
+ \renewcommand{\bibfont}{\bibliofont}
+ \renewcommand\setcitestyle[1]{
+ \@for\@tempa:=#1\do
+ {\def\@tempb{round}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+ \renewcommand\NAT@open{(}\renewcommand\NAT@close{)}\fi
+ \def\@tempb{square}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+ \renewcommand\NAT@open{[}\renewcommand\NAT@close{]}\fi
+ \def\@tempb{angle}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+ \renewcommand\NAT@open{$<$}\renewcommand\NAT@close{$>$}\fi
+ \def\@tempb{curly}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+ \renewcommand\NAT@open{\{}\renewcommand\NAT@close{\}}\fi
+ \def\@tempb{semicolon}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+ \renewcommand\NAT@sep{;}\fi
+ \def\@tempb{colon}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+ \renewcommand\NAT@sep{;}\fi
+ \def\@tempb{comma}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+ \renewcommand\NAT@sep{,}\fi
+ \def\@tempb{authoryear}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+ \NAT@numbersfalse\fi
+ \def\@tempb{numbers}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+ \NAT@numberstrue\NAT@superfalse\fi
+ \def\@tempb{super}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+ \NAT@numberstrue\NAT@supertrue\fi
+ \def\@tempb{nobibstyle}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+ \let\bibstyle=\@gobble\fi
+ \def\@tempb{bibstyle}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+ \let\bibstyle=\@citestyle\fi
+ \def\@tempb{sort}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+ \def\NAT@sort{\@ne}\fi
+ \def\@tempb{nosort}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+ \def\NAT@sort{\z@}\fi
+ \def\@tempb{compress}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+ \def\NAT@cmprs{\@ne}\fi
+ \def\@tempb{nocompress}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+ \def\NAT@cmprs{\@z}\fi
+ \def\@tempb{sort&compress}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+ \def\NAT@sort{\@ne}\def\NAT@cmprs{\@ne}\fi
+ \def\@tempb{mcite}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+ \let\NAT@merge\@ne\fi
+ \def\@tempb{merge}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+ \@ifnum{\NAT@merge<\tw@}{\let\NAT@merge\tw@}{}\fi
+ \def\@tempb{elide}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+ \@ifnum{\NAT@merge<\thr@@}{\let\NAT@merge\thr@@}{}\fi
+ \def\@tempb{longnamesfirst}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+ \NAT@longnamestrue\fi
+ \def\@tempb{nonamebreak}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+ \def\NAT@nmfmt#1{\mbox{\NAT@up#1}}\fi
+ \expandafter\NAT@find@eq\@tempa=\relax\@nil
+ \if\@tempc\relax\else
+ \expandafter\NAT@rem@eq\@tempc
+ \def\@tempb{open}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+ \xdef\NAT@open{\@tempc}\fi
+ \def\@tempb{close}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+ \xdef\NAT@close{\@tempc}\fi
+ \def\@tempb{aysep}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+ \xdef\NAT@aysep{\@tempc}\fi
+ \def\@tempb{yysep}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+ \xdef\NAT@yrsep{\@tempc}\fi
+ \def\@tempb{notesep}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+ \xdef\NAT@cmt{\@tempc}\fi
+ \def\@tempb{citesep}\ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+ \xdef\NAT@sep{\@tempc}\fi
+ \fi
+ }%
+ \NAT@@setcites
+ }
+ \renewcommand\citestyle[1]{%
+ \ifcsname bibstyle@#1\endcsname%
+ \csname bibstyle@#1\endcsname\let\bibstyle\@gobble%
+ \else%
+ \@latex@error{Undefined `#1' citestyle}%
+ \fi
+ }%
+\fi
+\newcommand{\bibstyle@acmauthoryear}{%
+ \setcitestyle{%
+ authoryear,%
+ open={[},close={]},citesep={;},%
+ aysep={},yysep={,},%
+ notesep={, }}}
+\newcommand{\bibstyle@acmnumeric}{%
+ \setcitestyle{%
+ numbers,sort&compress,%
+ open={[},close={]},citesep={,},%
+ notesep={, }}}
+\if@ACM@natbib
+\citestyle{acmnumeric}
+\fi
+\def\@startsection#1#2#3#4#5#6{%
+ \if@noskipsec \leavevmode \fi
+ \par
+ \@tempskipa #4\relax
+ \@afterindenttrue
+ \ifdim \@tempskipa <\z@
+ \@tempskipa -\@tempskipa \@afterindentfalse
+ \fi
+ \if@nobreak
+ \everypar{}%
+ \else
+ \addpenalty\@secpenalty\addvspace\@tempskipa
+ \fi
+ \@ifstar
+ {\@ssect{#3}{#4}{#5}{#6}}%
+ {\@dblarg{\@sect{#1}{#2}{#3}{#4}{#5}{#6}}}}
+\def\@sect#1#2#3#4#5#6[#7]#8{%
+ \edef\@toclevel{\ifnum#2=\@m 0\else\number#2\fi}%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth
+ \let\@svsec\@empty
+ \else
+ \refstepcounter{#1}%
+ \protected@edef\@svsec{\@seccntformat{#1}\relax}%
+ \fi
+ \@tempskipa #5\relax
+ \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@
+ \begingroup
+ #6{%
+ \@hangfrom{\hskip #3\relax\@svsec}%
+ \interlinepenalty \@M #8\@@par}%
+ \endgroup
+ \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \@tochangmeasure{\csname the#1\endcsname}%
+ \fi
+ \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}%
+ \fi
+ #7}%
+ \else
+ \def\@svsechd{%
+ #6{\hskip #3\relax
+ \@svsec #8}%
+ \csname #1mark\endcsname{#7}%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \@tochangmeasure{\csname the#1\endcsname\space}%
+ \fi
+ \addcontentsline{toc}{#1}{%
+ \ifnum #2>\c@secnumdepth \else
+ \protect\numberline{\csname the#1\endcsname}%
+ \fi
+ #7}}%
+ \fi
+ \@xsect{#5}}
+\def\@xsect#1{%
+ \@tempskipa #1\relax
+ \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@
+ \par \nobreak
+ \vskip \@tempskipa
+ \@afterheading
+ \else
+ \@nobreakfalse
+ \global\@noskipsectrue
+ \everypar{%
+ \if@noskipsec
+ \global\@noskipsecfalse
+ {\setbox\z@\lastbox}%
+ \clubpenalty\@M
+ \begingroup \@svsechd \endgroup
+ \unskip
+ \@tempskipa #1\relax
+ \hskip -\@tempskipa
+ \else
+ \clubpenalty \@clubpenalty
+ \everypar{}%
+ \fi}%
+ \fi
+ \ignorespaces}
+\def\@seccntformat#1{\csname the#1\endcsname\quad}
+\def\@ssect#1#2#3#4#5{%
+ \@tempskipa #3\relax
+ \ifdim \@tempskipa>\z@
+ \begingroup
+ #4{%
+ \@hangfrom{\hskip #1}%
+ \interlinepenalty \@M #5\@@par}%
+ \endgroup
+ \else
+ \def\@svsechd{#4{\hskip #1\relax #5}}%
+ \fi
+ \@xsect{#3}}
+\def\@starttoc#1#2{\begingroup\makeatletter
+ \setTrue{#1}%
+ \par\removelastskip\vskip\z@skip
+ \@startsection{section}\@M\z@{\linespacing\@plus\linespacing}%
+ {.5\linespacing}{\centering\contentsnamefont}{#2}%
+ \@input{\jobname.#1}%
+ \if@filesw
+ \@xp\newwrite\csname tf@#1\endcsname
+ \immediate\@xp\openout\csname tf@#1\endcsname \jobname.#1\relax
+ \fi
+ \global\@nobreakfalse \endgroup
+ \addvspace{32\p@\@plus14\p@}%
+}
+\def\l@section{\@tocline{1}{0pt}{1pc}{2pc}{}}
+\def\l@subsection{\@tocline{2}{0pt}{1pc}{3pc}{}}
+\def\l@subsubsection{\@tocline{2}{0pt}{1pc}{5pc}{}}
+\let\@footnotemark@nolink\@footnotemark
+\let\@footnotetext@nolink\@footnotetext
+\RequirePackage[bookmarksnumbered,unicode]{hyperref}
+\pdfstringdefDisableCommands{%
+ \def\unskip{}%
+ \def\textbullet{- }%
+ \def\textrightarrow{ -> }%
+ \def\footnotemark{}%
+}
+\urlstyle{rm}
+\ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+\relax % manuscript
+\or % acmsmall
+\or % acmlarge
+\or % acmtog
+\or % sigconf
+\or % siggraph
+\or % sigplan
+ \urlstyle{sf}
+\or % sigchi
+\or % sigchi-a
+ \urlstyle{sf}
+\fi
+\AtEndPreamble{%
+ \if@ACM@screen
+ \hypersetup{colorlinks,
+ linkcolor=ACMRed,
+ citecolor=ACMPurple,
+ urlcolor=ACMDarkBlue,
+ filecolor=ACMDarkBlue}
+ \else
+ \hypersetup{hidelinks}
+ \fi}
+\if@ACM@natbib
+ \let\citeN\cite
+ \let\cite\citep
+ \let\citeANP\citeauthor
+ \let\citeNN\citeyearpar
+ \let\citeyearNP\citeyear
+ \let\citeNP\citealt
+ \DeclareRobustCommand\citeA
+ {\begingroup\NAT@swafalse
+ \let\NAT@ctype\@ne\NAT@partrue\NAT@fullfalse\NAT@open\NAT@citetp}%
+ \providecommand\newblock{}%
+\else
+ \AtBeginDocument{%
+ \let\shortcite\cite%
+ \providecommand\citename[1]{#1}}
+\fi
+\newcommand\shortcite[2][]{%
+ \ifNAT@numbers\cite[#1]{#2}\else\citeyearpar[#1]{#2}\fi}
+\def\bibliographystyle#1{%
+ \ifx\@begindocumenthook\@undefined\else
+ \expandafter\AtBeginDocument
+ \fi
+ {\if@filesw
+ \immediate\write\@auxout{\string\bibstyle{#1}}%
+ \fi}}
+\RequirePackage{graphicx}
+\RequirePackage[prologue]{xcolor}
+\definecolor[named]{ACMBlue}{cmyk}{1,0.1,0,0.1}
+\definecolor[named]{ACMYellow}{cmyk}{0,0.16,1,0}
+\definecolor[named]{ACMOrange}{cmyk}{0,0.42,1,0.01}
+\definecolor[named]{ACMRed}{cmyk}{0,0.90,0.86,0}
+\definecolor[named]{ACMLightBlue}{cmyk}{0.49,0.01,0,0}
+\definecolor[named]{ACMGreen}{cmyk}{0.20,0,1,0.19}
+\definecolor[named]{ACMPurple}{cmyk}{0.55,1,0,0.15}
+\definecolor[named]{ACMDarkBlue}{cmyk}{1,0.58,0,0.21}
+\if@ACM@authordraft
+ \RequirePackage{draftwatermark}
+ \SetWatermarkFontSize{0.5in}
+ \SetWatermarkColor[gray]{.9}
+ \SetWatermarkText{\parbox{12em}{\centering
+ Unpublished working draft.\\
+ Not for distribution.}}
+\fi
+\RequirePackage{geometry}
+\ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+\relax % manuscript
+ \geometry{letterpaper,head=13pt,
+ marginparwidth=6pc,heightrounded}%
+\or % acmsmall
+ \geometry{twoside=true,
+ includeheadfoot, head=13pt, foot=2pc,
+ paperwidth=6.75in, paperheight=10in,
+ top=58pt, bottom=44pt, inner=46pt, outer=46pt,
+ marginparwidth=2pc,heightrounded
+ }%
+\or % acmlarge
+ \geometry{twoside=true, head=13pt, foot=2pc,
+ paperwidth=8.5in, paperheight=11in,
+ includeheadfoot,
+ top=78pt, bottom=114pt, inner=81pt, outer=81pt,
+ marginparwidth=4pc,heightrounded
+ }%
+\or % acmtog
+ \geometry{twoside=true, head=13pt, foot=2pc,
+ paperwidth=8.5in, paperheight=11in,
+ includeheadfoot, columnsep=24pt,
+ top=52pt, bottom=75pt, inner=52pt, outer=52pt,
+ marginparwidth=2pc,heightrounded
+ }%
+\or % sigconf
+ \geometry{twoside=true, head=13pt,
+ paperwidth=8.5in, paperheight=11in,
+ includeheadfoot, columnsep=2pc,
+ top=57pt, bottom=73pt, inner=54pt, outer=54pt,
+ marginparwidth=2pc,heightrounded
+ }%
+\or % siggraph
+ \geometry{twoside=true, head=13pt,
+ paperwidth=8.5in, paperheight=11in,
+ includeheadfoot, columnsep=2pc,
+ top=57pt, bottom=73pt, inner=54pt, outer=54pt,
+ marginparwidth=2pc,heightrounded
+ }%
+\or % sigplan
+ \geometry{twoside=true, head=13pt,
+ paperwidth=8.5in, paperheight=11in,
+ includeheadfoot=false, columnsep=2pc,
+ top=1in, bottom=1in, inner=0.75in, outer=0.75in,
+ marginparwidth=2pc,heightrounded
+ }%
+\or % sigchi
+ \geometry{twoside=true, head=13pt,
+ paperwidth=8.5in, paperheight=11in,
+ includeheadfoot, columnsep=2pc,
+ top=66pt, bottom=73pt, inner=54pt, outer=54pt,
+ marginparwidth=2pc,heightrounded
+ }%
+\or % sigchi-a
+ \geometry{twoside=false, head=13pt,
+ paperwidth=11in, paperheight=8.5in,
+ includeheadfoot, marginparsep=72pt,
+ marginparwidth=170pt, columnsep=20pt,
+ top=72pt, bottom=72pt, left=314pt, right=72pt
+ }%
+ \@mparswitchfalse
+ \reversemarginpar
+\fi
+\setlength\parindent{10\p@}
+\setlength\parskip{\z@}
+\ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+\relax % manuscript
+\or % acmsmall
+\or % acmlarge
+\or % acmtog
+ \setlength\parindent{9\p@}%
+\or % sigconf
+\or % siggraph
+\or % sigplan
+\or % sigchi
+\or % sigchi-a
+\fi
+\setlength\normalparindent{\parindent}
+\def\copyrightpermissionfootnoterule{\kern-3\p@
+ \hrule \@width \columnwidth \kern 2.6\p@}
+\RequirePackage{manyfoot}
+\SelectFootnoteRule[2]{copyrightpermission}
+\DeclareNewFootnote{authorsaddresses}
+\SelectFootnoteRule[2]{copyrightpermission}
+\DeclareNewFootnote{copyrightpermission}
+\def\footnoterule{\kern-3\p@
+ \hrule \@width 4pc \kern 2.6\p@}
+\def\endminipage{%
+ \par
+ \unskip
+ \ifvoid\@mpfootins\else
+ \vskip\skip\@mpfootins
+ \normalcolor
+ \unvbox\@mpfootins
+ \fi
+ \@minipagefalse
+ \color@endgroup
+ \egroup
+ \expandafter\@iiiparbox\@mpargs{\unvbox\@tempboxa}}
+\def\@makefntext{\noindent\@makefnmark}
+\if@ACM@sigchiamode
+\long\def\@footnotetext#1{\marginpar{%
+ \reset@font\small
+ \interlinepenalty\interfootnotelinepenalty
+ \protected@edef\@currentlabel{%
+ \csname p@footnote\endcsname\@thefnmark
+ }%
+ \color@begingroup
+ \@makefntext{%
+ \rule\z@\footnotesep\ignorespaces#1\@finalstrut\strutbox}%
+ \color@endgroup}}%
+\fi
+\long\def\@mpfootnotetext#1{%
+ \global\setbox\@mpfootins\vbox{%
+ \unvbox\@mpfootins
+ \reset@font\footnotesize
+ \hsize\columnwidth
+ \@parboxrestore
+ \protected@edef\@currentlabel
+ {\csname p@mpfootnote\endcsname\@thefnmark}%
+ \color@begingroup\centering
+ \@makefntext{%
+ \rule\z@\footnotesep\ignorespaces#1\@finalstrut\strutbox}%
+ \color@endgroup}}
+\def\@makefnmark{\hbox{\@textsuperscript{\normalfont\@thefnmark}}}
+\def\@textbottom{\vskip \z@ \@plus 1pt}
+\let\@texttop\relax
+\RequirePackage{iftex}
+\ifPDFTeX
+\input{glyphtounicode}
+\pdfglyphtounicode{f_f}{FB00}
+\pdfglyphtounicode{f_f_i}{FB03}
+\pdfglyphtounicode{f_f_l}{FB04}
+\pdfglyphtounicode{f_i}{FB01}
+\pdfglyphtounicode{t_t}{00740074}
+\pdfglyphtounicode{f_t}{00660074}
+\pdfglyphtounicode{T_h}{00540068}
+\pdfgentounicode=1
+\fi
+\RequirePackage{cmap}
+\newif\if@ACM@newfonts
+\@ACM@newfontstrue
+\IfFileExists{libertine.sty}{}{\ClassWarning{\@classname}{You do not
+ have the libertine package installed. Please upgrade your
+ TeX}\@ACM@newfontsfalse}
+\IfFileExists{zi4.sty}{}{\ClassWarning{\@classname}{You do not
+ have the zi4 package installed. Please upgrade your
+ TeX}\@ACM@newfontsfalse}
+\IfFileExists{newtxmath.sty}{}{\ClassWarning{\@classname}{You do not
+ have the newtxmath package installed. Please upgrade your
+ TeX}\@ACM@newfontsfalse}
+\if@ACM@newfonts
+\RequirePackage[tt=false, type1=true]{libertine}
+\RequirePackage[varqu]{zi4}
+\RequirePackage[libertine]{newtxmath}
+\RequirePackage[T1]{fontenc}
+\fi
+\let\liningnums\@undefined
+\AtEndPreamble{%
+ \DeclareTextFontCommand{\liningnums}{\libertineLF}}
+\if@ACM@sigchiamode
+ \renewcommand{\familydefault}{\sfdefault}
+\fi
+\RequirePackage{caption, float}
+\captionsetup[table]{position=top}
+\if@ACM@journal
+ \captionsetup{labelfont={sf, small},
+ textfont={sf, small}, margin=\z@}
+ \captionsetup[figure]{name={Fig.}}
+\else
+ \captionsetup{labelfont={bf},
+ textfont={bf}, labelsep=colon, margin=\z@}
+ \ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+ \relax % manuscript
+ \or % acmsmall
+ \or % acmlarge
+ \or % acmtog
+ \or % sigconf
+ \or % siggraph
+ \captionsetup{textfont={it}}
+ \or % sigplan
+ \captionsetup{labelfont={bf},
+ textfont={normalfont}, labelsep=period, margin=\z@}
+ \or % sigchi
+ \captionsetup[figure]{labelfont={bf, small},
+ textfont={bf, small}}
+ \or % sigchi-a
+ \captionsetup[figure]{labelfont={bf, small},
+ textfont={bf, small}}
+ \fi
+\fi
+\newfloat{sidebar}{}{sbar}
+\floatname{sidebar}{Sidebar}
+\renewenvironment{sidebar}{\Collect@Body\@sidebar}{}
+\long\def\@sidebar#1{\bgroup\captionsetup{type=sidebar}%
+ \marginpar{\small#1}\egroup}
+\newenvironment{marginfigure}{\Collect@Body\@marginfigure}{}
+\long\def\@marginfigure#1{\bgroup\captionsetup{type=figure}%
+ \marginpar{\centering\small#1}\egroup}
+\newenvironment{margintable}{\Collect@Body\@margintable}{}
+\long\def\@margintable#1{\bgroup\captionsetup{type=table}%
+ \marginpar{\centering\small#1}\egroup}
+\newdimen\fulltextwidth
+\fulltextwidth=\dimexpr(\textwidth+\marginparwidth+\marginparsep)
+\if@ACM@sigchiamode
+\def\@dblfloat{\bgroup\columnwidth=\fulltextwidth
+ \let\@endfloatbox\@endwidefloatbox
+ \def\@fpsadddefault{\def\@fps{tp}}%
+ \@float}
+\fi
+\if@ACM@sigchiamode
+\def\end@dblfloat{%
+ \end@float\egroup}
+\fi
+\def\@endwidefloatbox{%
+ \par\vskip\z@skip
+ \@minipagefalse
+ \outer@nobreak
+ \egroup
+ \color@endbox
+ \global\setbox\@currbox=\vbox{\moveleft
+ \dimexpr(\fulltextwidth-\textwidth)\box\@currbox}%
+ \wd\@currbox=\textwidth
+}
+\ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+\relax % manuscript
+\or % acmsmall
+\or % acmlarge
+\or % acmtog
+\or % sigconf
+\or % siggraph
+\or % sigplan
+\def\labelenumi{\theenumi.}
+\def\labelenumii{\theenumii.}
+\def\labelenumiii{\theenumiii.}
+\def\labelenumiv{\theenumiv.}
+\or % sigchi
+\or % sigchi-a
+\fi
+\newdimen\@ACM@labelwidth
+\AtBeginDocument{%
+ \setlength\labelsep{4pt}
+ \setlength{\@ACM@labelwidth}{6.5pt}
+
+ %% First-level list: when beginning after the first line of an
+ %% indented paragraph or ending before an indented paragraph, labels
+ %% should not hang to the left of the preceding/following text.
+ \setlength\leftmargini{\z@}
+ \addtolength\leftmargini{\parindent}
+ \addtolength\leftmargini{2\labelsep}
+ \addtolength\leftmargini{\@ACM@labelwidth}
+
+ %% Second-level and higher lists.
+ \setlength\leftmarginii{\z@}
+ \addtolength\leftmarginii{0.5\labelsep}
+ \addtolength\leftmarginii{\@ACM@labelwidth}
+ \setlength\leftmarginiii{\leftmarginii}
+ \setlength\leftmarginiv{\leftmarginiii}
+ \setlength\leftmarginv{\leftmarginiv}
+ \setlength\leftmarginvi{\leftmarginv}
+ \@listi}
+\newskip\listisep
+\listisep\smallskipamount
+\def\@listI{\leftmargin\leftmargini
+ \labelwidth\leftmargini \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+ \listparindent\z@
+ \topsep\listisep}
+\let\@listi\@listI
+\def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginii \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
+ \topsep\z@skip}
+\def\@listiii{\leftmargin\leftmarginiii
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginiii \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listiv{\leftmargin\leftmarginiv
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginiv \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listv{\leftmargin\leftmarginv
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginv \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\def\@listvi{\leftmargin\leftmarginvi
+ \labelwidth\leftmarginvi \advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
+\renewcommand{\descriptionlabel}[1]{\upshape\bfseries #1}
+\renewenvironment{description}{\list{}{%
+ \labelwidth\@ACM@labelwidth
+ \let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}%
+}{
+ \endlist
+}
+\let\enddescription=\endlist % for efficiency
+\define@choicekey*+{ACM}{acmJournal}[\@journalCode\@journalCode@nr]{%
+ CIE,%
+ CSUR,%
+ DTRAP,%
+ IMWUT,%
+ JACM,%
+ JDIQ,%
+ JEA,%
+ JERIC,%
+ JETC,%
+ JOCCH,%
+ PACMHCI,%
+ PACMPL,%
+ POMACS,%
+ TAAS,%
+ TACCESS,%
+ TACO,%
+ TALG,%
+ TALLIP,%
+ TAP,%
+ TCPS,%
+ TEAC,%
+ TECS,%
+ THRI,%
+ TIIS,%
+ TISSEC,%
+ TIST,%
+ TKDD,%
+ TMIS,%
+ TOCE,%
+ TOCHI,%
+ TOCL,%
+ TOCS,%
+ TOCT,%
+ TODAES,%
+ TODS,%
+ TOG,%
+ TOIS,%
+ TOIT,%
+ TOMACS,%
+ TOMM,%
+ TOMPECS,%
+ TOMS,%
+ TOPC,%
+ TOPS,%
+ TOPLAS,%
+ TOS,%
+ TOSEM,%
+ TOSN,%
+ TRETS,%
+ TSAS,%
+ TSC,%
+ TSLP,%
+ TWEB%
+}{%
+\ifcase\@journalCode@nr
+\relax % CIE
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Computers in Entertainment}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Comput. Entertain.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{1544-3574}%
+\or % CSUR
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Computing Surveys}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Comput. Surv.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{0360-0300}%
+\or % DTRAP
+ \def\@journalName{Digital Threats: Research and Practice}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{Digit. Threat. Res. Pract.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{2576-5337}%
+\or % IMWUT
+ \def\@journalName{Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile,
+ Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{Proc. ACM Interact. Mob. Wearable Ubiquitous Technol.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{2474-9567}%
+ \@ACM@screentrue
+ \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Using screen mode due to \@journalCode}%
+\or % JACM
+ \def\@journalName{Journal of the ACM}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{J. ACM}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{0004-5411}%
+\or % JDIQ
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Journal of Data and Information Quality}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM J. Data Inform. Quality}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{1936-1955}%
+\or % JEA
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Journal of Experimental Algorithmics}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM J. Exp. Algor.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{1084-6654}%
+\or % JERIC
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Journal of Educational Resources in Computing}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM J. Edu. Resources in Comput.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{1073-0516}%
+\or % JETC
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Journal on Emerging Technologies in Computing Systems}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM J. Emerg. Technol. Comput. Syst.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{1550-4832}%
+\or % JOCCH
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Journal on Computing and Cultural Heritage}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM J. Comput. Cult. Herit.}%
+\or % PACMHCI
+ \def\@journalName{Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{Proc. ACM Hum.-Comput. Interact.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{2573-0142}%
+ \@ACM@screentrue
+ \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Using screen mode due to \@journalCode}%
+\or % PACMPL
+ \def\@journalName{Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{Proc. ACM Program. Lang.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{2475-1421}%
+ \@ACM@screentrue
+ \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Using screen mode due to \@journalCode}%
+\or % POMACS
+ \def\@journalName{Proceedings of the ACM on Measurement and Analysis of Computing Systems}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{Proc. ACM Meas. Anal. Comput. Syst.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{2476-1249}%
+ \@ACM@screentrue
+ \PackageInfo{\@classname}{Using screen mode due to \@journalCode}%
+\or % TAAS
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Autonomous and Adaptive Systems}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Autonom. Adapt. Syst.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{1556-4665}%
+\or % TACCESS
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Access. Comput.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{1936-7228}%
+\or % TACO
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Architecture and Code Optimization}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Arch. Code Optim.}%
+\or % TALG
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Algorithms}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Algor.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{1549-6325}%
+\or % TALLIP
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Asian and Low-Resource Language Information Processing}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Asian Low-Resour. Lang. Inf. Process.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{2375-4699}%
+\or % TAP
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Applied Perception}%
+\or % TCPS
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Cyber-Physical Systems}%
+\or % TEAC
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Economics and Computation}%
+\or % TECS
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Embedded Computing Systems}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Embedd. Comput. Syst.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{1539-9087}%
+\or % THRI
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Human-Robot Interaction}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Hum.-Robot Interact.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{2573-9522}%
+\or % TIIS
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Interactive Intelligent Systems}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Interact. Intell. Syst.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{2160-6455}%
+\or % TISSEC
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Information and System Security}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Info. Syst. Sec.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{1094-9224}%
+\or % TIST
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Intelligent Systems and Technology}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Intell. Syst. Technol.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{2157-6904}%
+\or % TKDD
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Knowledge Discovery from Data}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Knowl. Discov. Data.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{1556-4681}%
+\or % TMIS
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Management Information Systems}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Manag. Inform. Syst.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{2158-656X}%
+\or % TOCE
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Computing Education}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Comput. Educ.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{1946-6226}%
+\or % TOCHI
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Comput.-Hum. Interact.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{1073-0516}%
+\or % TOCL
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Computational Logic}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Comput. Logic}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{1529-3785}%
+\or % TOCS
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Computer Systems}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Comput. Syst.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{0734-2071}%
+\or % TOCT
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Computation Theory}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Comput. Theory}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{1942-3454}%
+\or % TODAES
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Design Automation of Electronic Systems}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Des. Autom. Electron. Syst.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{1084-4309}%
+\or % TODS
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Database Systems}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Datab. Syst.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{0362-5915}%
+\or % TOG
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Graphics}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Graph.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{0730-0301}
+\or % TOIS
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Information Systems}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{1046-8188}%
+\or % TOIT
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Internet Technology}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Internet Technol.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{1533-5399}%
+\or % TOMACS
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Modeling and Computer Simulation}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Model. Comput. Simul.}%
+\or % TOMM
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing, Communications and Applications}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Multimedia Comput. Commun. Appl.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{1551-6857}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeTwo{0100}%
+\or % TOMPECS
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Modeling and Performance Evaluation of Computing Systems}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Model. Perform. Eval. Comput. Syst.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{2376-3639}%
+\or % TOMS
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Mathematical Software}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Math. Softw.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{0098-3500}%
+\or % TOPC
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Parallel Computing}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Parallel Comput.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{1539-9087}%
+\or % TOPS
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Privacy and Security}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Priv. Sec.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{2471-2566}%
+\or % TOPLAS
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Program. Lang. Syst.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{0164-0925}%
+\or % TOS
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Storage}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Storage}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{1553-3077}%
+\or % TOSEM
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Softw. Eng. Methodol.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{1049-331X}%
+\or % TOSN
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Sensor Networks}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Sensor Netw.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{1550-4859}%
+\or % TRETS
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Reconfigurable Technology and Systems}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Reconfig. Technol. Syst.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{1936-7406}%
+\or % TSAS
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Spatial Algorithms and Systems}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Spatial Algorithms Syst.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{2374-0353}%
+\or % TSC
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Social Computing}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Soc. Comput.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{2469-7818}%
+\or % TSLP
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on Speech and Language Processing}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Speech Lang. Process.}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{1550-4875}%
+\or % TWEB
+ \def\@journalName{ACM Transactions on the Web}%
+ \def\@journalNameShort{ACM Trans. Web}%
+ \def\@permissionCodeOne{1559-1131}%
+\fi
+\ClassInfo{\@classname}{Using journal code \@journalCode}%
+}{%
+ \ClassError{\@classname}{Incorrect journal #1}%
+}%
+\def\acmJournal#1{\setkeys{ACM}{acmJournal=#1}}
+\def\@journalCode@nr{0}
+\def\@journalName{}%
+\def\@journalNameShort{\@journalName}%
+\def\@permissionCodeOne{XXXX-XXXX}%
+\def\@permissionCodeTwo{}%
+\newcommand\acmConference[4][]{%
+ \gdef\acmConference@shortname{#1}%
+ \gdef\acmConference@name{#2}%
+ \gdef\acmConference@date{#3}%
+ \gdef\acmConference@venue{#4}%
+ \ifx\acmConference@shortname\@empty
+ \gdef\acmConference@shortname{#2}%
+ \fi}
+\acmConference[Conference'17]{ACM Conference}{July 2017}{Washington,
+ DC, USA}
+\def\acmBooktitle#1{\gdef\@acmBooktitle{#1}}
+\acmBooktitle{Proceedings of \acmConference@name
+ \ifx\acmConference@name\acmConference@shortname\else
+ \ (\acmConference@shortname)\fi}
+\def\@editorsAbbrev{(Ed.)}
+\def\@acmEditors{}
+\def\editor#1{\ifx\@acmEditors\@empty
+ \gdef\@acmEditors{#1}%
+ \else
+ \gdef\@editorsAbbrev{(Eds.)}%
+ \g@addto@macro\@acmEditors{\and#1}%
+\fi}
+\def\subtitle#1{\def\@subtitle{#1}}
+\subtitle{}
+\newcount\num@authorgroups
+\num@authorgroups=0\relax
+\newcount\num@authors
+\num@authors=0\relax
+\newif\if@insideauthorgroup
+\@insideauthorgroupfalse
+\renewcommand\author[2][]{%
+ \global\advance\num@authors by 1\relax
+ \if@insideauthorgroup\else
+ \global\advance\num@authorgroups by 1\relax
+ \global\@insideauthorgrouptrue
+ \fi
+ \ifx\addresses\@empty
+ \if@ACM@anonymous
+ \gdef\addresses{\@author{Anonymous Author(s)}}%
+ \gdef\authors{Anonymous Author(s)}%
+ \else
+ \gdef\addresses{\@author{#2}}%
+ \gdef\authors{#2}%
+ \fi
+ \else
+ \if@ACM@anonymous\else
+ \g@addto@macro\addresses{\and\@author{#2}}%
+ \g@addto@macro\authors{\and#2}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+ \if@ACM@anonymous
+ \ifx\shortauthors\@empty
+ \gdef\shortauthors{Anon.}%
+ \fi
+ \else
+ \def\@tempa{#1}%
+ \ifx\@tempa\@empty
+ \ifx\shortauthors\@empty
+ \gdef\shortauthors{#2}%
+ \else
+ \g@addto@macro\shortauthors{\and#2}%
+ \fi
+ \else
+ \ifx\shortauthors\@empty
+ \gdef\shortauthors{#1}%
+ \else
+ \g@addto@macro\shortauthors{\and#1}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+ \fi}
+\newcommand{\affiliation}[2][]{%
+ \global\@insideauthorgroupfalse
+ \if@ACM@anonymous\else
+ \g@addto@macro\addresses{\affiliation{#1}{#2}}%
+ \fi}
+\define@boolkey+{@ACM@affiliation@}[@ACM@affiliation@]{obeypunctuation}%
+[true]{}{\ClassError{\@classname}{The option obeypunctuation can be either true or false}}
+\def\additionalaffiliation#1{\authornote{\@additionalaffiliation{#1}}}
+\def\@additionalaffiliation#1{\bgroup
+ \def\position##1{\ignorespaces}%
+ \def\institution##1{##1\ignorespaces}%
+ \def\department{\@ifnextchar[{\@department}{\@department[]}}%
+ \def\@department[##1]##2{\unskip, ##2\ignorespaces}%
+ \let\streetaddress\position
+ \let\city\position
+ \let\state\position
+ \let\postcode\position
+ \let\country\position
+ Also with #1\unskip.\egroup}
+\renewcommand{\email}[2][]{%
+ \if@ACM@anonymous\else
+ \g@addto@macro\addresses{\email{#1}{#2}}%
+ \fi}
+\def\orcid#1{\unskip\ignorespaces}
+\def\authorsaddresses#1{\def\@authorsaddresses{#1}}
+\authorsaddresses{\@mkauthorsaddresses}
+\def\@titlenotes{}
+\def\titlenote#1{%
+ \g@addto@macro\@title{\footnotemark}%
+ \if@ACM@anonymous
+ \g@addto@macro\@titlenotes{%
+ \stepcounter{footnote}\footnotetext{#1}}%
+ \else
+ \g@addto@macro\@titlenotes{\stepcounter{footnote}\footnotetext{#1}}%
+ \fi}
+\def\@subtitlenotes{}
+\def\subtitlenote#1{%
+ \g@addto@macro\@subtitle{\footnotemark}%
+ \if@ACM@anonymous
+ \g@addto@macro\@subtitlenotes{%
+ \stepcounter{footnote}\footnotetext{Subtitle note}}%
+ \else
+ \g@addto@macro\@subtitlenotes{%
+ \stepcounter{footnote}\footnotetext{#1}}%
+ \fi}
+\def\@authornotes{}
+\def\authornote#1{%
+ \if@ACM@anonymous\else
+ \g@addto@macro\addresses{\@authornotemark}%
+ \g@addto@macro\@authornotes{%
+ \stepcounter{footnote}\footnotetext{#1}}%
+ \fi}
+\newcommand\authornotemark[1][\relax]{%
+ \ifx#1\relax\relax\relax
+ \g@addto@macro\addresses{\@authornotemark}%
+ \else
+ \g@addto@macro\addresses{\@@authornotemark{#1}}%
+ \fi}
+\def\acmVolume#1{\def\@acmVolume{#1}}
+\acmVolume{1}
+\def\acmNumber#1{\def\@acmNumber{#1}}
+\acmNumber{1}
+\def\acmArticle#1{\def\@acmArticle{#1}}
+\acmArticle{}
+\def\acmArticleSeq#1{\def\@acmArticleSeq{#1}}
+\acmArticleSeq{\@acmArticle}
+\def\acmYear#1{\def\@acmYear{#1}}
+\acmYear{\the\year}
+\def\acmMonth#1{\def\@acmMonth{#1}}
+\acmMonth{\the\month}
+\def\@acmPubDate{\ifcase\@acmMonth\or
+ January\or February\or March\or April\or May\or June\or
+ July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or
+ December\fi~\@acmYear}
+\def\acmPrice#1{\def\@acmPrice{#1}}
+\acmPrice{15.00}
+\def\acmSubmissionID#1{\def\@acmSubmissionID{#1}}
+\acmSubmissionID{}
+\def\acmISBN#1{\def\@acmISBN{#1}}
+\acmISBN{978-x-xxxx-xxxx-x/YY/MM}
+\def\acmDOI#1{\def\@acmDOI{#1}}
+\acmDOI{10.1145/nnnnnnn.nnnnnnn}
+\newif\if@ACM@badge
+\@ACM@badgefalse
+\newlength\@ACM@badge@width
+\setlength\@ACM@badge@width{5pc}
+\newlength\@ACM@title@width
+\newlength\@ACM@badge@skip
+\setlength\@ACM@badge@skip{1pc}
+\newcommand\acmBadgeR[2][]{\@ACM@badgetrue
+ \def\@acmBadgeR@url{#1}%
+ \def\@acmBadgeR@image{#2}}
+\def\@acmBadgeR@url{}
+\def\@acmBadgeR@image{}
+\newcommand\acmBadgeL[2][]{\@ACM@badgetrue
+ \def\@acmBadgeL@url{#1}%
+ \def\@acmBadgeL@image{#2}}
+\def\@acmBadgeL@url{}
+\def\@acmBadgeL@image{}
+\def\startPage#1{\def\@startPage{#1}}
+\startPage{}
+\def\terms#1{\ClassWarning{\@classname}{The command \string\terms{} is
+ obsolete. I am going to ignore it}}
+\def\keywords#1{\def\@keywords{#1}}
+\keywords{}
+\renewenvironment{abstract}{\Collect@Body\@saveabstract}{}
+\long\def\@saveabstract#1{\long\gdef\@abstract{#1}}
+\@saveabstract{}
+\long\def\@lempty{}
+\define@boolkey+{@ACM@topmatter@}[@ACM@]{printccs}[true]{%
+ \if@ACM@printccs
+ \ClassInfo{\@classname}{Printing CCS}%
+ \else
+ \ClassInfo{\@classname}{Suppressing CCS}%
+ \fi}{\ClassError{\@classname}{The option printccs can be either true or false}}
+\define@boolkey+{@ACM@topmatter@}[@ACM@]{printacmref}[true]{%
+ \if@ACM@printacmref
+ \ClassInfo{\@classname}{Printing bibformat}%
+ \else
+ \ClassInfo{\@classname}{Suppressing bibformat}%
+ \fi}{\ClassError{\@classname}{The option printacmref can be either true or false}}
+\define@boolkey+{@ACM@topmatter@}[@ACM@]{printfolios}[true]{%
+ \if@ACM@printfolios
+ \ClassInfo{\@classname}{Printing folios}%
+ \else
+ \ClassInfo{\@classname}{Suppressing folios}%
+ \fi}{\ClassError{\@classname}{The option printfolios can be either true or false}}
+\define@cmdkey{@ACM@topmatter@}[@ACM@]{authorsperrow}[0]{%
+ \IfInteger{#1}{\ClassInfo{\@classname}{Setting authorsperrow to
+ #1}}{\ClassWarning{\@classname}{The parameter authorsperrow must be
+ numerical. Ignoring the input #1}\gdef\@ACM@authorsperrow{0}}}
+\def\settopmatter#1{\setkeys{@ACM@topmatter@}{#1}}
+\settopmatter{printccs=true, printacmref=true}
+\if@ACM@manuscript
+ \settopmatter{printfolios=true}
+\else
+ \if@ACM@journal
+ \settopmatter{printfolios=true}
+ \else
+ \settopmatter{printfolios=false}
+ \fi
+\fi
+\settopmatter{authorsperrow=0}
+\def\@received{}
+\newcommand\received[2][]{\def\@tempa{#1}%
+ \ifx\@tempa\@empty
+ \ifx\@received\@empty
+ \gdef\@received{Received #2}%
+ \else
+ \g@addto@macro{\@received}{; revised #2}%
+ \fi
+ \else
+ \ifx\@received\@empty
+ \gdef\@received{#1 #2}%
+ \else
+ \g@addto@macro{\@received}{; #1 #2}%
+ \fi
+ \fi}
+\AtEndDocument{%
+ \ifx\@received\@empty\else
+ \par\bigskip\noindent\small\normalfont\@received\par
+ \fi}
+\RequirePackage{comment}
+\excludecomment{CCSXML}
+\let\@concepts\@empty
+\newcommand\ccsdesc[2][100]{%
+ \ccsdesc@parse#1~#2~~\ccsdesc@parse@end}
+\RequirePackage{textcomp}
+\def\ccsdesc@parse#1~#2~#3~{%
+ \expandafter\ifx\csname CCS@General@#2\endcsname\relax
+ \expandafter\gdef\csname CCS@General@#2\endcsname{\textbullet\
+ \textbf{#2}}%
+ \expandafter\gdef\csname CCS@Punctuation@#2\endcsname{; }%
+ \expandafter\gdef\csname CCS@Specific@#2\endcsname{}%
+ \g@addto@macro{\@concepts}{\csname CCS@General@#2\endcsname
+ \csname CCS@Punctuation@#2\endcsname
+ \csname CCS@Specific@#2\endcsname}%
+ \fi
+ \ifx#3\relax\relax\else
+ \expandafter\gdef\csname CCS@Punctuation@#2\endcsname{
+ \textrightarrow\ }%
+ \expandafter\g@addto@macro\expandafter{\csname CCS@Specific@#2\endcsname}{%
+ \ifnum#1>499\textbf{#3}; \else
+ \ifnum#1>299\textit{#3}; \else
+ #3; \fi\fi}%
+ \fi
+\ccsdesc@parse@finish}
+\def\ccsdesc@parse@finish#1\ccsdesc@parse@end{}
+\newif\if@printcopyright
+\@printcopyrighttrue
+\newif\if@printpermission
+\@printpermissiontrue
+\newif\if@acmowned
+\@acmownedtrue
+\define@choicekey*{ACM@}{acmcopyrightmode}[%
+ \acm@copyrightinput\acm@copyrightmode]{none,%
+ acmcopyright,acmlicensed,rightsretained,%
+ usgov,usgovmixed,cagov,cagovmixed,licensedusgovmixed,%
+ licensedcagov,licensedcagovmixed,othergov,licensedothergov,%
+ iw3c2w3,iw3c2w3g}{%
+ \@printpermissiontrue
+ \@printcopyrighttrue
+ \@acmownedtrue
+ \ifnum\acm@copyrightmode=0\relax % none
+ \@printpermissionfalse
+ \@printcopyrightfalse
+ \@acmownedfalse
+ \fi
+ \ifnum\acm@copyrightmode=2\relax % acmlicensed
+ \@acmownedfalse
+ \fi
+ \ifnum\acm@copyrightmode=3\relax % rightsretained
+ \@acmownedfalse
+ \acmPrice{}%
+ \fi
+ \ifnum\acm@copyrightmode=4\relax % usgov
+ \@printpermissiontrue
+ \@printcopyrightfalse
+ \@acmownedfalse
+ \acmPrice{}%
+ \fi
+ \ifnum\acm@copyrightmode=6\relax % cagov
+ \@acmownedfalse
+ \fi
+ \ifnum\acm@copyrightmode=8\relax % licensedusgovmixed
+ \@acmownedfalse
+ \fi
+ \ifnum\acm@copyrightmode=9\relax % licensedcagov
+ \@acmownedfalse
+ \fi
+ \ifnum\acm@copyrightmode=10\relax % licensedcagovmixed
+ \@acmownedfalse
+ \fi
+ \ifnum\acm@copyrightmode=11\relax % othergov
+ \@acmownedtrue
+ \fi
+ \ifnum\acm@copyrightmode=12\relax % licensedothergov
+ \@acmownedfalse
+ \fi
+ \ifnum\acm@copyrightmode=13\relax % iw3c2w3
+ \@acmownedfalse
+ \fi
+ \ifnum\acm@copyrightmode=14\relax % iw3c2w3g
+ \@acmownedfalse
+ \fi}
+\def\setcopyright#1{\setkeys{ACM@}{acmcopyrightmode=#1}}
+\setcopyright{acmcopyright}
+\def\@copyrightowner{%
+ \ifcase\acm@copyrightmode\relax % none
+ \or % acmcopyright
+ Association for Computing Machinery.
+ \or % acmlicensed
+ Copyright held by the owner/author(s). Publication rights licensed to
+ the Association for Computing Machinery.
+ \or % rightsretained
+ Copyright held by the owner/author(s).
+ \or % usgov
+ \or % usgovmixed
+ Association for Computing Machinery.
+ \or % cagov
+ Crown in Right of Canada.
+ \or %cagovmixed
+ Association for Computing Machinery.
+ \or %licensedusgovmixed
+ Copyright held by the owner/author(s). Publication rights licensed to
+ the Association for Computing Machinery.
+ \or % licensedcagov
+ Crown in Right of Canada. Publication rights licensed to
+ the Association for Computing Machinery.
+ \or %licensedcagovmixed
+ Copyright held by the owner/author(s). Publication rights licensed to
+ the Association for Computing Machinery.
+ \or % othergov
+ Association for Computing Machinery.
+ \or % licensedothergov
+ Copyright held by the owner/author(s). Publication rights licensed to
+ the Association for Computing Machinery.
+ \or % ic2w3www
+ IW3C2 (International World Wide Web Conference Committee), published
+ under Creative Commons CC~BY~4.0 License.
+ \or % ic2w3wwwgoogle
+ IW3C2 (International World Wide Web Conference Committee), published
+ under Creative Commons CC~BY-NC-ND~4.0 License.
+ \fi}
+\def\@formatdoi#1{\url{https://doi.org/#1}}
+\def\@copyrightpermission{%
+ \ifcase\acm@copyrightmode\relax % none
+ \or % acmcopyright
+ Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this
+ work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided
+ that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial
+ advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on
+ the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by
+ others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is
+ permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to
+ redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission
+ and\hspace*{.5pt}/or a fee. Request permissions from
+ permissions@acm.org.
+ \or % acmlicensed
+ Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this
+ work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided
+ that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial
+ advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on
+ the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by
+ others than the author(s) must be honored. Abstracting with credit
+ is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers
+ or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission
+ and\hspace*{.5pt}/or a fee. Request permissions from
+ permissions@acm.org.
+ \or % rightsretained
+ Permission to make digital or hard copies of part or all of this work
+ for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that
+ copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage
+ and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first
+ page. Copyrights for third-party components of this work must be
+ honored. For all other uses, contact the
+ owner\hspace*{.5pt}/author(s).
+ \or % usgov
+ This paper is authored by an employee(s) of the United States
+ Government and is in the public domain. Non-exclusive copying or
+ redistribution is allowed, provided that the article citation is
+ given and the authors and agency are clearly identified as its
+ source.
+ \or % usgovmixed
+ ACM acknowledges that this contribution was authored or co-authored
+ by an employee, contractor, or affiliate of the United States government. As such,
+ the United States government retains a nonexclusive, royalty-free right to
+ publish or reproduce this article, or to allow others to do so, for
+ government purposes only.
+ \or % cagov
+ This article was authored by employees of the Government of Canada.
+ As such, the Canadian government retains all interest in the
+ copyright to this work and grants to ACM a nonexclusive,
+ royalty-free right to publish or reproduce this article, or to allow
+ others to do so, provided that clear attribution is given both to
+ the authors and the Canadian government agency employing them.
+ Permission to make digital or hard copies for personal or classroom
+ use is granted. Copies must bear this notice and the full citation
+ on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by
+ others than the Canadian Government must be honored. To copy
+ otherwise, distribute, republish, or post, requires prior specific
+ permission and\hspace*{.5pt}/or a fee. Request permissions from
+ permissions@acm.org.
+ \or % cagovmixed
+ ACM acknowledges that this contribution was co-authored by an
+ affiliate of the national government of Canada. As such, the Crown
+ in Right of Canada retains an equal interest in the copyright.
+ Reprints must include clear attribution to ACM and the author's
+ government agency affiliation. Permission to make digital or hard
+ copies for personal or classroom use is granted. Copies must bear
+ this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for
+ components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored.
+ To copy otherwise, distribute, republish, or post, requires prior
+ specific permission and\hspace*{.5pt}/or a fee. Request permissions
+ from permissions@acm.org.
+ \or % licensedusgovmixed
+ Publication rights licensed to ACM\@. ACM acknowledges that this
+ contribution was authored or co-authored by an employee, contractor
+ or affiliate of the United States government. As such, the
+ Government retains a nonexclusive, royalty-free right to publish or
+ reproduce this article, or to allow others to do so, for Government
+ purposes only.
+ \or % licensedcagov
+ This article was authored by employees of the Government of Canada.
+ As such, the Canadian government retains all interest in the
+ copyright to this work and grants to ACM a nonexclusive,
+ royalty-free right to publish or reproduce this article, or to allow
+ others to do so, provided that clear attribution is given both to
+ the authors and the Canadian government agency employing them.
+ Permission to make digital or hard copies for personal or classroom
+ use is granted. Copies must bear this notice and the full citation
+ on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by
+ others than the Canadian Government must be honored. To copy
+ otherwise, distribute, republish, or post, requires prior specific
+ permission and\hspace*{.5pt}/or a fee. Request permissions from
+ permissions@acm.org.
+ \or % licensedcagovmixed
+ Publication rights licensed to ACM\@. ACM acknowledges that this
+ contribution was authored or co-authored by an employee, contractor
+ or affiliate of the national government of Canada. As such, the
+ Government retains a nonexclusive, royalty-free right to publish or
+ reproduce this article, or to allow others to do so, for Government
+ purposes only.
+ \or % othergov
+ ACM acknowledges that this contribution was authored or co-authored
+ by an employee, contractor or affiliate of a national government. As
+ such, the Government retains a nonexclusive, royalty-free right to
+ publish or reproduce this article, or to allow others to do so, for
+ Government purposes only.
+ \or % licensedothergov
+ Publication rights licensed to ACM\@. ACM acknowledges that this
+ contribution was authored or co-authored by an employee, contractor
+ or affiliate of a national government. As such, the Government
+ retains a nonexclusive, royalty-free right to publish or reproduce
+ this article, or to allow others to do so, for Government purposes
+ only.
+ \or % iw3c2w3
+ This paper is published under the Creative Commons Attribution~4.0
+ International (CC~BY~4.0) license. Authors reserve their rights to
+ disseminate the work on their personal and corporate Web sites with
+ the appropriate attribution. In case of republication, reuse, etc.,
+ the following attribution should be used: ``Published in
+ WWW\@acmYear{} Proceedings \textcopyright{} \@copyrightyear{}
+ International World Wide Web Conference Committee, published under
+ Creative Commons~CC~BY~4.0 License.''
+ \or % iw3c2w3g
+ This paper is published under the Creative Commons
+ Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs~4.0 International
+ (CC~BY-NC-ND~4.0) license. Authors reserve their rights to
+ disseminate the work on their personal and corporate Web sites with
+ the appropriate attribution. In case of republication, reuse, etc.,
+ the following attribution should be used: ``Published in
+ WWW\@acmYear{} Proceedings \textcopyright{} \@copyrightyear
+ International World Wide Web Conference Committee, published under
+ Creative Commons CC~BY-NC-ND~4.0 License.''
+ \fi}
+\def\copyrightyear#1{\def\@copyrightyear{#1}}
+\copyrightyear{\@acmYear}
+\def\@teaserfigures{}
+\newenvironment{teaserfigure}{\Collect@Body\@saveteaser}{}
+\long\def\@saveteaser#1{\g@addto@macro\@teaserfigures{\@teaser{#1}}}
+\renewcommand{\thanks}[1]{%
+ \@ifnotempty{#1}{%
+ \if@ACM@anonymous
+ \g@addto@macro\thankses{\thanks{A note}}%
+ \else
+ \g@addto@macro\thankses{\thanks{#1}}%
+ \fi}}
+\newbox\mktitle@bx
+\def\maketitle{%
+ \if@ACM@anonymous
+ % Anonymize omission of \author-s
+ \ifnum\num@authorgroups=0\author{}\fi
+ \fi
+ \begingroup
+ \let\@footnotemark\@footnotemark@nolink
+ \let\@footnotetext\@footnotetext@nolink
+ \renewcommand\thefootnote{\@fnsymbol\c@footnote}%
+ \global\@topnum\z@ % this prevents floats from falling
+ % at the top of page 1
+ \global\@botnum\z@ % we do not want them to be on the bottom either
+ \hsize=\textwidth
+ \def\@makefnmark{\hbox{\@textsuperscript{\@thefnmark}}}%
+ \@mktitle\if@ACM@sigchiamode\else\@mkauthors\fi\@mkteasers
+ \@printtopmatter
+ \if@ACM@sigchiamode\@mkauthors\fi
+ \setcounter{footnote}{0}%
+ \def\@makefnmark{\hbox{\@textsuperscript{\normalfont\@thefnmark}}}%
+ \@titlenotes
+ \@subtitlenotes
+ \@authornotes
+ \let\@makefnmark\relax
+ \let\@thefnmark\relax
+ \let\@makefntext\noindent
+ \ifx\@empty\thankses\else
+ \footnotetextauthorsaddresses{%
+ \def\par{\let\par\@par}\parindent\z@\@setthanks}%
+ \fi
+ \ifx\@empty\@authorsaddresses\else
+ \if@ACM@anonymous\else
+ \if@ACM@journal
+ \footnotetextauthorsaddresses{%
+ \def\par{\let\par\@par}\parindent\z@\@setauthorsaddresses}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+ \fi
+ \footnotetextcopyrightpermission{%
+ \if@ACM@authordraft
+ \raisebox{-2ex}[\z@][\z@]{\makebox[0pt][l]{\large\bfseries
+ Unpublished working draft. Not for distribution.}}%
+ \color[gray]{0.9}%
+ \fi
+ \parindent\z@\parskip0.1\baselineskip
+ \if@ACM@authorversion\else
+ \if@printpermission\@copyrightpermission\par\fi
+ \fi
+ \if@ACM@manuscript\else
+ \if@ACM@journal\else % Print the conference information
+ {\itshape \acmConference@shortname, \acmConference@date, \acmConference@venue}\par
+ \fi
+ \fi
+ \if@printcopyright
+ \copyright\ \@copyrightyear\ \@copyrightowner\\
+ \else
+ \@copyrightyear.\
+ \fi
+ \if@ACM@manuscript
+ Manuscript submitted to ACM\\
+ \else
+ \if@ACM@authorversion
+ This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here for
+ your personal use. Not for redistribution. The definitive Version
+ of Record was published in
+ \if@ACM@journal
+ \emph{\@journalName}%
+ \else
+ \emph{\@acmBooktitle}%
+ \fi
+ \ifx\@acmDOI\@empty
+ .
+ \else
+ , \@formatdoi{\@acmDOI}.
+ \fi\\
+ \else
+ \if@ACM@journal
+ \@permissionCodeOne/\@acmYear/\@acmMonth-ART\@acmArticle
+ \ifx\@acmPrice\@empty\else\ \$\@acmPrice\fi\\
+ \@formatdoi{\@acmDOI}%
+ \else % Conference
+ \ifx\@acmISBN\@empty\else ACM~ISBN~\@acmISBN
+ \ifx\@acmPrice\@empty.\else\dots\$\@acmPrice\fi\\\fi
+ \ifx\@acmDOI\@empty\else\@formatdoi{\@acmDOI}\fi%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+ \fi}
+ \endgroup
+ \setcounter{footnote}{0}%
+ \@mkabstract
+ \if@ACM@printccs
+ \ifx\@concepts\@empty\else\bgroup
+ {\@specialsection{CCS Concepts}%
+ \@concepts\par}\egroup
+ \fi
+ \fi
+ \ifx\@keywords\@empty\else\bgroup
+ {\if@ACM@journal
+ \@specialsection{Additional Key Words and Phrases}%
+ \else
+ \@specialsection{Keywords}%
+ \fi
+ \@keywords}\par\egroup
+ \fi
+ \andify\authors
+ \andify\shortauthors
+ \global\let\authors=\authors
+ \global\let\shortauthors=\shortauthors
+ \if@ACM@printacmref
+ \@mkbibcitation
+ \fi
+ \hypersetup{%
+ pdflang={English},
+ pdfdisplaydoctitle,
+ pdfauthor={\authors},
+ pdftitle={\@title},
+ pdfsubject={\@concepts},
+ pdfkeywords={\@keywords},
+ pdfcreator={LaTeX with acmart
+ \csname ver@acmart.cls\endcsname\space
+ and hyperref
+ \csname ver@hyperref.sty\endcsname}}%
+ \@printendtopmatter
+ \@afterindentfalse
+ \@afterheading
+}
+\def\@specialsection#1{%
+ \ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+ \relax % manuscript
+ \par\medskip\small\noindent#1: %
+ \or % acmsmall
+ \par\medskip\small\noindent#1: %
+ \or % acmlarge
+ \par\medskip\small\noindent#1: %
+ \or % acmtog
+ \par\medskip\small\noindent#1: %
+ \or % sigconf
+ \section*{#1}%
+ \or % siggraph
+ \section*{#1}%
+ \or % sigplan
+ \paragraph*{#1}%
+ \or % sigchi
+ \section*{#1}%
+ \or % sigchi-a
+ \section*{#1}%
+ \fi}
+\def\@printtopmatter{%
+ \ifx\@startPage\@empty
+ \gdef\@startPage{1}%
+ \else
+ \setcounter{page}{\@startPage}%
+ \fi
+ \thispagestyle{firstpagestyle}%
+ \noindent
+ \ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+ \relax % manuscript
+ \box\mktitle@bx\par
+ \or % acmsmall
+ \box\mktitle@bx\par
+ \or % acmlarge
+ \box\mktitle@bx\par
+ \or % acmtog
+ \twocolumn[\box\mktitle@bx]%
+ \or % sigconf
+ \twocolumn[\box\mktitle@bx]%
+ \or % siggraph
+ \twocolumn[\box\mktitle@bx]%
+ \or % sigplan
+ \twocolumn[\box\mktitle@bx]%
+ \or % sigchi
+ \twocolumn[\box\mktitle@bx]%
+ \or % sigchi-a
+ \par\box\mktitle@bx\par\bigskip
+ \if@ACM@badge
+ \marginpar{\noindent
+ \ifx\@acmBadgeL@image\@empty\else
+ \href{\@acmBadgeL@url}{%
+ \includegraphics[width=\@ACM@badge@width]{\@acmBadgeL@image}}%
+ \hskip\@ACM@badge@skip
+ \fi
+ \ifx\@acmBadgeR@image\@empty\else
+ \href{\@acmBadgeR@url}{%
+ \includegraphics[width=\@ACM@badge@width]{\@acmBadgeR@image}}%
+ \fi}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+}
+\def\@mktitle{%
+ \ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+ \relax % manuscript
+ \@mktitle@i
+ \or % acmsmall
+ \@mktitle@i
+ \or % acmlarge
+ \@mktitle@i
+ \or % acmtog
+ \@mktitle@i
+ \or % sigconf
+ \@mktitle@iii
+ \or % siggraph
+ \@mktitle@iii
+ \or % sigplan
+ \@mktitle@iii
+ \or % sigchi
+ \@mktitle@iii
+ \or % sigchi-a
+ \@mktitle@iv
+ \fi
+}
+\def\@titlefont{%
+ \ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+ \relax % manuscript
+ \LARGE\sffamily\bfseries
+ \or % acmsmall
+ \LARGE\sffamily\bfseries
+ \or % acmlarge
+ \LARGE\sffamily\bfseries
+ \or % acmtog
+ \Huge\sffamily
+ \or % sigconf
+ \Huge\sffamily\bfseries
+ \or % siggraph
+ \Huge\sffamily\bfseries
+ \or % sigplan
+ \Huge\bfseries
+ \or % sigchi
+ \Huge\sffamily\bfseries
+ \or % sigchi-a
+ \Huge\bfseries
+ \fi}
+\def\@subtitlefont{\normalsize
+ \ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+ \relax % manuscript
+ \mdseries
+ \or % acmsmall
+ \mdseries
+ \or % acmlarge
+ \mdseries
+ \or % acmtog
+ \LARGE
+ \or % sigconf
+ \LARGE\mdseries
+ \or % siggraph
+ \LARGE\mdseries
+ \or % sigplan
+ \LARGE\mdseries
+ \or % sigchi
+ \LARGE\mdseries
+ \or % sigchi-a
+ \mdseries
+ \fi}
+\def\@mktitle@i{\hsize=\textwidth
+ \@ACM@title@width=\hsize
+ \ifx\@acmBadgeL@image\@empty\else
+ \advance\@ACM@title@width by -\@ACM@badge@width
+ \advance\@ACM@title@width by -\@ACM@badge@skip
+ \fi
+ \ifx\@acmBadgeR@image\@empty\else
+ \advance\@ACM@title@width by -\@ACM@badge@width
+ \advance\@ACM@title@width by -\@ACM@badge@skip
+ \fi
+ \setbox\mktitle@bx=\vbox{\noindent\@titlefont
+ \ifx\@acmBadgeL@image\@empty\else
+ \raisebox{-.5\baselineskip}[\z@][\z@]{\href{\@acmBadgeL@url}{%
+ \includegraphics[width=\@ACM@badge@width]{\@acmBadgeL@image}}}%
+ \hskip\@ACM@badge@skip
+ \fi
+ \parbox[t]{\@ACM@title@width}{\raggedright
+ \@titlefont\noindent
+ \@title
+ \ifx\@subtitle\@empty\else
+ \par\noindent{\@subtitlefont\@subtitle}
+ \fi}%
+ \ifx\@acmBadgeR@image\@empty\else
+ \hskip\@ACM@badge@skip
+ \raisebox{-.5\baselineskip}[\z@][\z@]{\href{\@acmBadgeR@url}{%
+ \includegraphics[width=\@ACM@badge@width]{\@acmBadgeR@image}}}%
+ \fi
+ \par\bigskip}}%
+\def\@mktitle@iii{\hsize=\textwidth
+ \setbox\mktitle@bx=\vbox{\@titlefont\centering
+ \@ACM@title@width=\hsize
+ \if@ACM@badge
+ \advance\@ACM@title@width by -2\@ACM@badge@width
+ \advance\@ACM@title@width by -2\@ACM@badge@skip
+ \parbox[b]{\@ACM@badge@width}{\strut
+ \ifx\@acmBadgeL@image\@empty\else
+ \raisebox{-.5\baselineskip}[\z@][\z@]{\href{\@acmBadgeL@url}{%
+ \includegraphics[width=\@ACM@badge@width]{\@acmBadgeL@image}}}%
+ \fi}%
+ \hskip\@ACM@badge@skip
+ \fi
+ \parbox[t]{\@ACM@title@width}{\centering\@titlefont
+ \@title
+ \ifx\@subtitle\@empty\else
+ \par\noindent{\@subtitlefont\@subtitle}
+ \fi
+ }%
+ \if@ACM@badge
+ \hskip\@ACM@badge@skip
+ \parbox[b]{\@ACM@badge@width}{\strut
+ \ifx\@acmBadgeR@image\@empty\else
+ \raisebox{-.5\baselineskip}[\z@][\z@]{\href{\@acmBadgeR@url}{%
+ \includegraphics[width=\@ACM@badge@width]{\@acmBadgeR@image}}}%
+ \fi}%
+ \fi
+ \par\bigskip}}%
+\def\@mktitle@iv{\hsize=\textwidth
+ \setbox\mktitle@bx=\vbox{\raggedright\leftskip5pc\@titlefont
+ \noindent\leavevmode\leaders\hrule height 2pt\hfill\kern0pt\par
+ \noindent\@title
+ \ifx\@subtitle\@empty\else
+ \par\noindent\@subtitlefont\@subtitle
+ \fi
+ \par\bigskip}}%
+\newbox\@ACM@commabox
+\def\@ACM@addtoaddress#1{%
+ \ifvmode\else
+ \if@ACM@affiliation@obeypunctuation\else
+ \setbox\@ACM@commabox=\hbox{, }%
+ \unskip\cleaders\copy\@ACM@commabox\hskip\wd\@ACM@commabox
+ \fi\fi
+ #1}
+\def\streetaddress#1{\unskip\ignorespaces}
+\def\postcode#1{\unskip\ignorespaces}
+\if@ACM@journal
+ \def\position#1{\unskip\ignorespaces}
+ \def\institution#1{\unskip~#1\ignorespaces}
+ \def\city#1{\unskip\ignorespaces}
+ \def\state#1{\unskip\ignorespaces}
+ \newcommand\department[2][0]{\unskip\ignorespaces}
+ \def\country#1{\if@ACM@affiliation@obeypunctuation\else, \fi#1\ignorespaces}
+\else
+ \def\position#1{\if@ACM@affiliation@obeypunctuation#1\else#1\par\fi}%
+ \def\institution#1{\if@ACM@affiliation@obeypunctuation#1\else#1\par\fi}%
+ \newcommand\department[2][0]{\if@ACM@affiliation@obeypunctuation
+ #2\else#2\par\fi}%
+ \let\city\@ACM@addtoaddress
+ \let\state\@ACM@addtoaddress
+ \let\country\@ACM@addtoaddress
+\fi
+\def\@mkauthors{\begingroup
+ \hsize=\textwidth
+ \ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+ \relax % manuscript
+ \@mkauthors@i
+ \or % acmsmall
+ \@mkauthors@i
+ \or % acmlarge
+ \@mkauthors@i
+ \or % acmtog
+ \@mkauthors@i
+ \or % sigconf
+ \@mkauthors@iii
+ \or % siggraph
+ \@mkauthors@iii
+ \or % sigplan
+ \@mkauthors@iii
+ \or % sigchi
+ \@mkauthors@iii
+ \or % sigchi-a
+ \@mkauthors@iv
+ \fi
+ \endgroup
+}
+\def\@authorfont{\Large\sffamily}
+\def\@affiliationfont{\normalsize\normalfont}
+\ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+\relax % manuscript
+\or % acmsmall
+ \def\@authorfont{\large\sffamily}
+ \def\@affiliationfont{\small\normalfont}
+\or % acmlarge
+\or % acmtog
+ \def\@authorfont{\LARGE\sffamily}
+ \def\@affiliationfont{\large}
+\or % sigconf
+ \def\@authorfont{\LARGE}
+ \def\@affiliationfont{\large}
+\or % siggraph
+ \def\@authorfont{\normalsize\normalfont}
+ \def\@affiliationfont{\normalsize\normalfont}
+\or % sigplan
+ \def\@authorfont{\Large\normalfont}
+ \def\@affiliationfont{\normalsize\normalfont}
+\or % sigchi
+ \def\@authorfont{\bfseries}
+ \def\@affiliationfont{\mdseries}
+\or % sigchi-a
+ \def\@authorfont{\bfseries}
+ \def\@affiliationfont{\mdseries}
+\fi
+\def\@typeset@author@line{%
+ \andify\@currentauthors\par\noindent
+ \@currentauthors\def\@currentauthors{}%
+ \ifx\@currentaffiliations\@empty\else
+ \andify\@currentaffiliations
+ \unskip, {\@currentaffiliations}\par
+ \fi
+ \def\@currentaffiliations{}}
+\def\@mkauthors@i{%
+ \def\@currentauthors{}%
+ \def\@currentaffiliations{}%
+ \global\let\and\@typeset@author@line
+ \def\@author##1{%
+ \ifx\@currentauthors\@empty
+ \gdef\@currentauthors{\@authorfont\MakeTextUppercase{##1}}%
+ \else
+ \g@addto@macro{\@currentauthors}{\and\MakeTextUppercase{##1}}%
+ \fi
+ \gdef\and{}}%
+ \def\email##1##2{}%
+ \def\affiliation##1##2{%
+ \def\@tempa{##2}\ifx\@tempa\@empty\else
+ \ifx\@currentaffiliations\@empty
+ \gdef\@currentaffiliations{%
+ \setkeys{@ACM@affiliation@}{obeypunctuation=false}%
+ \setkeys{@ACM@affiliation@}{##1}%
+ \@affiliationfont##2}%
+ \else
+ \g@addto@macro{\@currentaffiliations}{\and
+ \setkeys{@ACM@affiliation@}{obeypunctuation=false}%
+ \setkeys{@ACM@affiliation@}{##1}##2}%
+ \fi
+ \fi
+ \global\let\and\@typeset@author@line}%
+ \global\setbox\mktitle@bx=\vbox{\noindent\box\mktitle@bx\par\medskip
+ \noindent\addresses\@typeset@author@line
+ \par\medskip}%
+}
+\newbox\author@bx
+\newdimen\author@bx@wd
+\newskip\author@bx@sep
+\author@bx@sep=1pc\relax
+\def\@typeset@author@bx{\bgroup\hsize=\author@bx@wd\def\and{\par}%
+ \global\setbox\author@bx=\vtop{\if@ACM@sigchiamode\else\centering\fi
+ \@authorfont\@currentauthors\par\@affiliationfont
+ \@currentaffiliation}\egroup
+ \box\author@bx\hspace{\author@bx@sep}%
+ \gdef\@currentauthors{}%
+ \gdef\@currentaffiliation{}}
+\def\@mkauthors@iii{%
+ \author@bx@wd=\textwidth\relax
+ \advance\author@bx@wd by -\author@bx@sep\relax
+ \ifnum\@ACM@authorsperrow>0\relax
+ \divide\author@bx@wd by \@ACM@authorsperrow\relax
+ \else
+ \ifcase\num@authorgroups
+ \relax % 0?
+ \or % 1=one author per row
+ \or % 2=two authors per row
+ \divide\author@bx@wd by \num@authorgroups\relax
+ \or % 3=three authors per row
+ \divide\author@bx@wd by \num@authorgroups\relax
+ \or % 4=two authors per row (!)
+ \divide\author@bx@wd by 2\relax
+ \else % three authors per row
+ \divide\author@bx@wd by 3\relax
+ \fi
+ \fi
+ \advance\author@bx@wd by -\author@bx@sep\relax
+ \gdef\@currentauthors{}%
+ \gdef\@currentaffiliation{}%
+ \def\@author##1{\ifx\@currentauthors\@empty
+ \gdef\@currentauthors{\par##1}%
+ \else
+ \g@addto@macro\@currentauthors{\par##1}%
+ \fi
+ \gdef\and{}}%
+ \def\email##1##2{\ifx\@currentaffiliation\@empty
+ \gdef\@currentaffiliation{\nolinkurl{##2}}%
+ \else
+ \g@addto@macro\@currentaffiliation{\par\nolinkurl{##2}}%
+ \fi}%
+ \def\affiliation##1##2{\ifx\@currentaffiliation\@empty
+ \gdef\@currentaffiliation{%
+ \setkeys{@ACM@affiliation@}{obeypunctuation=false}%
+ \setkeys{@ACM@affiliation@}{##1}##2}%
+ \else
+ \g@addto@macro\@currentaffiliation{\par
+ \setkeys{@ACM@affiliation@}{obeypunctuation=false}%
+ \setkeys{@ACM@affiliation@}{##1}##2}%
+ \fi
+ \global\let\and\@typeset@author@bx
+}%
+ \hsize=\textwidth
+ \global\setbox\mktitle@bx=\vbox{\noindent
+ \box\mktitle@bx\par\medskip\leavevmode
+ \lineskip=1pc\relax\centering\hspace*{-1em}%
+ \addresses\let\and\@typeset@author@bx\and\par\bigskip}}
+\def\@mkauthors@iv{%
+ \author@bx@wd=\columnwidth\relax
+ \advance\author@bx@wd by -\author@bx@sep\relax
+ \ifnum\@ACM@authorsperrow>0\relax
+ \divide\author@bx@wd by \@ACM@authorsperrow\relax
+ \else
+ \ifcase\num@authorgroups
+ \relax % 0?
+ \or % 1=one author per row
+ \else % 2=two authors per row
+ \divide\author@bx@wd by 2\relax
+ \fi
+ \fi
+ \advance\author@bx@wd by -\author@bx@sep\relax
+ \gdef\@currentauthors{}%
+ \gdef\@currentaffiliation{}%
+ \def\@author##1{\ifx\@currentauthors\@empty
+ \gdef\@currentauthors{\par##1}%
+ \else
+ \g@addto@macro\@currentauthors{\par##1}%
+ \fi
+ \gdef\and{}}%
+ \def\email##1##2{\ifx\@currentaffiliation\@empty
+ \gdef\@currentaffiliation{\nolinkurl{##2}}%
+ \else
+ \g@addto@macro\@currentaffiliation{\par\nolinkurl{##2}}%
+ \fi}%
+ \def\affiliation##1##2{\ifx\@currentaffiliation\@empty
+ \gdef\@currentaffiliation{%
+ \setkeys{@ACM@affiliation@}{obeypunctuation=false}%
+ \setkeys{@ACM@affiliation@}{##1}##2}%
+ \else
+ \g@addto@macro\@currentaffiliation{\par
+ \setkeys{@ACM@affiliation@}{obeypunctuation=false}%
+ \setkeys{@ACM@affiliation@}{##1}##2}%
+ \fi
+ \global\let\and\@typeset@author@bx}%
+ \bgroup\hsize=\columnwidth
+ \par\raggedright\leftskip=\z@
+ \lineskip=1pc\noindent
+ \addresses\let\and\@typeset@author@bx\and\par\bigskip\egroup}
+\def\@mkauthorsaddresses{%
+ \ifnum\num@authors>1\relax
+ Authors' \else Author's \fi
+ \ifnum\num@authorgroups>1\relax
+ addresses: \else address: \fi
+ \bgroup
+ \def\streetaddress##1{\unskip\@addpunct, ##1}%
+ \def\postcode##1{\unskip\@addpunct, ##1}%
+ \def\position##1{\unskip\ignorespaces}%
+ \def\institution##1{\unskip\@addpunct, ##1}%
+ \def\city##1{\unskip\@addpunct, ##1}%
+ \def\state##1{\unskip\@addpunct, ##1}%
+ \renewcommand\department[2][0]{\unskip\@addpunct, ##2}%
+ \def\country##1{\unskip\@addpunct, ##1}%
+ \def\and{\unskip\@addpunct; }%
+ \def\@author##1{##1}%
+ \def\email##1##2{\unskip\@addpunct, \nolinkurl{##2}}%
+ \addresses
+ \egroup}
+\def\@setaddresses{}
+\def\@authornotemark{\g@addto@macro\@currentauthors{\footnotemark\relax}}
+\def\@@authornotemark#1{\g@addto@macro\@currentauthors{\footnotemark[#1]}}
+\def\@mkteasers{%
+ \ifx\@teaserfigures\@empty\else
+ \def\@teaser##1{\par\bigskip\bgroup
+ \captionsetup{type=figure}##1\egroup\par}
+ \global\setbox\mktitle@bx=\vbox{\noindent\box\mktitle@bx\par
+ \noindent\@teaserfigures\par\medskip}%
+ \fi}
+\def\@mkabstract{\bgroup
+ \ifx\@abstract\@lempty\else
+ {\phantomsection\addcontentsline{toc}{section}{Abstract}%
+ \if@ACM@journal
+ \everypar{\setbox\z@\lastbox\everypar{}}\small
+ \else
+ \section*{Abstract}%
+ \fi
+ \ignorespaces\@abstract\par}%
+ \fi\egroup}
+\def\@mkbibcitation{\bgroup
+ \def\@pages@word{\ifnum\getrefnumber{TotPages}=1\relax page\else pages\fi}%
+ \def\footnotemark{}%
+ \def\\{\unskip{} \ignorespaces}%
+ \def\footnote{\ClassError{\@classname}{Please do note use footnotes
+ inside a \string\title{} or \string\author{} command! Use
+ \string\titlenote{} or \string\authornote{} instead!}}%
+ \def\@article@string{\ifx\@acmArticle\@empty{\ }\else,
+ Article~\@acmArticle\ \fi}%
+ \par\medskip\small\noindent{\bfseries ACM Reference Format:}\par\nobreak
+ \noindent\authors. \@acmYear. \@title
+ \ifx\@subtitle\@empty. \else: \@subtitle. \fi
+ \if@ACM@journal
+ \textit{\@journalNameShort}
+ \@acmVolume, \@acmNumber \@article@string (\@acmPubDate),
+ \ref{TotPages}~\@pages@word.
+ \else
+ In \textit{\@acmBooktitle}%
+ \ifx\@acmEditors\@empty\textit{.}\else
+ \andify\@acmEditors\textit{, }\@acmEditors~\@editorsAbbrev.%
+ \fi\
+ ACM, New York, NY, USA%
+ \@article@string\unskip, \ref{TotPages}~\@pages@word.
+ \fi
+ \ifx\@acmDOI\@empty\else\@formatdoi{\@acmDOI}\fi
+\par\egroup}
+\def\@printendtopmatter{\par\bigskip}
+\def\@setthanks{\long\def\thanks##1{\par##1\@addpunct.}\thankses}
+\def\@setauthorsaddresses{\@authorsaddresses\unskip\@addpunct.}
+\RequirePackage{fancyhdr}
+\if@ACM@review
+ \newsavebox{\ACM@linecount@bx}
+ \newlength\ACM@linecount@bxht
+ \newcount\ACM@linecount
+ \ACM@linecount\@ne\relax
+ \def\ACM@mk@linecount{%
+ \savebox{\ACM@linecount@bx}[4em][t]{\parbox[t]{4em}{%
+ \setlength{\ACM@linecount@bxht}{0pt}%
+ \loop{\color{red}\scriptsize\the\ACM@linecount}\\
+ \global\advance\ACM@linecount by \@ne
+ \addtolength{\ACM@linecount@bxht}{\baselineskip}%
+ \ifdim\ACM@linecount@bxht<\textheight\repeat
+ {\color{red}\scriptsize\the\ACM@linecount}\hfill
+ \global\advance\ACM@linecount by \@ne}}}
+\fi
+\def\ACM@linecountL{%
+ \if@ACM@review
+ \ACM@mk@linecount
+ \begin{picture}(0,0)%
+ \put(-26,-22){\usebox{\ACM@linecount@bx}}%
+ \end{picture}%
+ \fi}
+\def\ACM@linecountR{%
+ \if@ACM@review
+ \ACM@mk@linecount
+ \begin{picture}(0,0)%
+ \put(20,-22){\usebox{\ACM@linecount@bx}}%
+ \end{picture}%
+ \fi}
+\if@ACM@timestamp
+ % Subtracting 30 from \time gives us the effect of rounding down despite
+ % \numexpr rounding to nearest
+ \newcounter{ACM@time@hours}
+ \setcounter{ACM@time@hours}{\numexpr (\time - 30) / 60 \relax}
+ \newcounter{ACM@time@minutes}
+ \setcounter{ACM@time@minutes}{\numexpr \time - \theACM@time@hours * 60 \relax}
+ \newcommand\ACM@timestamp{%
+ \footnotesize%
+ \ifx\@acmSubmissionID\@empty\relax\else
+ Submission ID: \@acmSubmissionID.{ }%
+ \fi
+ \the\year-\two@digits{\the\month}-\two@digits{\the\day}{ }%
+ \two@digits{\theACM@time@hours}:\two@digits{\theACM@time@minutes}{. }%
+ Page \thepage\ of \@startPage--\pageref*{TotPages}.%
+ }
+\fi
+\def\@shortauthors{\if@ACM@anonymous Anon.\else\shortauthors\fi}
+\def\@headfootfont{\sffamily}
+\fancypagestyle{standardpagestyle}{%
+ \fancyhf{}%
+ \renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{\z@}%
+ \renewcommand{\footrulewidth}{\z@}%
+ \ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+ \relax % manuscript
+ \fancyhead[LE]{\ACM@linecountL\if@ACM@printfolios\thepage\fi}%
+ \fancyhead[RO]{\if@ACM@printfolios\thepage\fi}%
+ \fancyhead[RE]{\@shortauthors}%
+ \fancyhead[LO]{\ACM@linecountL\shorttitle}%
+ \fancyfoot[RO,LE]{\footnotesize Manuscript submitted to ACM}%
+ \or % acmsmall
+ \fancyhead[LE]{\ACM@linecountL\@headfootfont\@acmArticle\if@ACM@printfolios:\thepage\fi}%
+ \fancyhead[RO]{\@headfootfont\@acmArticle\if@ACM@printfolios:\thepage\fi}%
+ \fancyhead[RE]{\@headfootfont\@shortauthors}%
+ \fancyhead[LO]{\ACM@linecountL\@headfootfont\shorttitle}%
+ \fancyfoot[RO,LE]{\footnotesize \@journalName, Vol. \@acmVolume, No.
+ \@acmNumber, Article \@acmArticle. Publication date: \@acmPubDate.}%
+ \or % acmlarge
+ \fancyhead[LE]{\ACM@linecountL\@headfootfont
+ \@acmArticle\if@ACM@printfolios:\thepage\fi\quad\textbullet\quad\@shortauthors}%
+ \fancyhead[LO]{\ACM@linecountL}%
+ \fancyhead[RO]{\@headfootfont
+ \shorttitle\quad\textbullet\quad\@acmArticle\if@ACM@printfolios:\thepage\fi}%
+ \fancyfoot[RO,LE]{\footnotesize \@journalName, Vol. \@acmVolume, No.
+ \@acmNumber, Article \@acmArticle. Publication date: \@acmPubDate.}%
+ \or % acmtog
+ \fancyhead[LE]{\ACM@linecountL\@headfootfont
+ \@acmArticle\if@ACM@printfolios:\thepage\fi\quad\textbullet\quad\@shortauthors}%
+ \fancyhead[LO]{\ACM@linecountL}%
+ \fancyhead[RE]{\ACM@linecountR}%
+ \fancyhead[RO]{\@headfootfont
+ \shorttitle\quad\textbullet\quad\@acmArticle\if@ACM@printfolios:\thepage\fi\ACM@linecountR}%
+ \fancyfoot[RO,LE]{\footnotesize \@journalName, Vol. \@acmVolume, No.
+ \@acmNumber, Article \@acmArticle. Publication date: \@acmPubDate.}%
+ \else % Proceedings
+ \fancyfoot[C]{\if@ACM@printfolios\footnotesize\thepage\fi}%
+ \fancyhead[LO]{\ACM@linecountL\@headfootfont\shorttitle}%
+ \fancyhead[RE]{\@headfootfont\@shortauthors\ACM@linecountR}%
+ \fancyhead[LE]{\ACM@linecountL\@headfootfont\acmConference@shortname,
+ \acmConference@date, \acmConference@venue}%
+ \fancyhead[RO]{\@headfootfont\acmConference@shortname,
+ \acmConference@date, \acmConference@venue\ACM@linecountR}%
+ \fi
+ \if@ACM@sigchiamode
+ \fancyheadoffset[L]{\dimexpr(\marginparsep+\marginparwidth)}%
+ \fi
+ \if@ACM@timestamp
+ \fancyfoot[LO,RE]{\ACM@timestamp}
+ \fi
+}
+\pagestyle{standardpagestyle}
+\newdimen\@folio@wd
+\@folio@wd=\z@
+\newdimen\@folio@ht
+\@folio@ht=\z@
+\newdimen\@folio@voffset
+\@folio@voffset=\z@
+\def\@folio@max{1}
+\ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+\relax % manuscript
+\or % acmsmall
+ \@folio@wd=45.75pt\relax
+ \@folio@ht=1.25in\relax
+ \@folio@voffset=.2in\relax
+ \def\@folio@max{8}
+\or % acmlarge
+ \@folio@wd=43.25pt\relax
+ \@folio@ht=79pt\relax
+ \@folio@voffset=.55in\relax
+ \def\@folio@max{10}
+\fi
+\def\@folioblob{\@tempcnta=0\@acmArticleSeq\relax
+ \ifnum\@tempcnta=0\relax\else
+ \loop
+ \ifnum\@tempcnta>\@folio@max\relax
+ \advance\@tempcnta by - \@folio@max
+ \repeat
+ \advance\@tempcnta by -1\relax
+ \@tempdima=\@folio@ht\relax
+ \multiply\@tempdima by \the\@tempcnta\relax
+ \advance\@tempdima by -\@folio@voffset\relax
+ \begin{picture}(0,0)
+ \makebox[\z@]{\raisebox{-\@tempdima}{%
+ \rlap{%
+ \raisebox{-0.45\@folio@ht}[\z@][\z@]{%
+ \rule{\@folio@wd}{\@folio@ht}}}%
+ \parbox{\@folio@wd}{%
+ \centering
+ \textcolor{white}{\LARGE\sffamily\bfseries\@acmArticle}}}}
+ \end{picture}\fi}
+
+\fancypagestyle{firstpagestyle}{%
+ \fancyhf{}%
+ \renewcommand{\headrulewidth}{\z@}%
+ \renewcommand{\footrulewidth}{\z@}%
+ \ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+ \relax % manuscript
+ \fancyhead[L]{\ACM@linecountL}%
+ \fancyfoot[RO,LE]{\if@ACM@printfolios\small\thepage\fi}%
+ \fancyfoot[RE,LO]{\footnotesize Manuscript submitted to ACM}%
+ \or % acmsmall
+ \fancyfoot[RO,LE]{\footnotesize \@journalName, Vol. \@acmVolume, No.
+ \@acmNumber, Article \@acmArticle. Publication date:
+ \@acmPubDate.}%
+ \fancyhead[LE]{\ACM@linecountL\@folioblob}%
+ \fancyhead[LO]{\ACM@linecountL}%
+ \fancyhead[RO]{\@folioblob}%
+ \fancyheadoffset[RO,LE]{0.6\@folio@wd}%
+ \or % acmlarge
+ \fancyfoot[RO,LE]{\footnotesize \@journalName, Vol. \@acmVolume, No.
+ \@acmNumber, Article \@acmArticle. Publication date:
+ \@acmPubDate.}%
+ \fancyhead[RO]{\@folioblob}%
+ \fancyhead[LE]{\ACM@linecountL\@folioblob}%
+ \fancyhead[LO]{\ACM@linecountL}%
+ \fancyheadoffset[RO,LE]{1.4\@folio@wd}%
+ \or % acmtog
+ \fancyfoot[RO,LE]{\footnotesize \@journalName, Vol. \@acmVolume, No.
+ \@acmNumber, Article \@acmArticle. Publication date:
+ \@acmPubDate.}%
+ \fancyhead[L]{\ACM@linecountL}%
+ \fancyhead[R]{\ACM@linecountR}%
+ \else % Conference proceedings
+ \fancyhead[L]{\ACM@linecountL}%
+ \fancyhead[R]{\ACM@linecountR}%
+ \fancyfoot[C]{\if@ACM@printfolios\footnotesize\thepage\fi}%
+ \fi
+ \if@ACM@timestamp
+ \ifnum\ACM@format@nr=0\relax % Manuscript
+ \fancyfoot[LO,RE]{\ACM@timestamp\quad
+ \footnotesize Manuscript submitted to ACM}
+ \else
+ \fancyfoot[LO,RE]{\ACM@timestamp}
+ \fi
+ \fi
+}
+\let\ACM@ps@plain\ps@plain
+\let\ACM@ps@myheadings\ps@myheadings
+\let\ACM@ps@headings\ps@headings
+\def\ACM@restore@pagestyle{%
+ \let\ps@plain\ACM@ps@plain
+ \let\ps@myheadings\ACM@ps@myheadings
+ \let\ps@headings\ACM@ps@headings}
+\AtBeginDocument{\ACM@restore@pagestyle}
+\renewcommand\section{\@startsection{section}{1}{\z@}%
+ {-.75\baselineskip \@plus -2\p@ \@minus -.2\p@}%
+ {.25\baselineskip}%
+ {\@secfont}}
+\renewcommand\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}%
+ {-.75\baselineskip \@plus -2\p@ \@minus -.2\p@}%
+ {.25\baselineskip}%
+ {\@subsecfont}}
+\renewcommand\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{10pt}%
+ {-.5\baselineskip \@plus -2\p@ \@minus -.2\p@}%
+ {-3.5\p@}%
+ {\@subsubsecfont\@adddotafter}}
+\renewcommand\paragraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\parindent}%
+ {-.5\baselineskip \@plus -2\p@ \@minus -.2\p@}%
+ {-3.5\p@}%
+ {\@parfont\@adddotafter}}
+\renewcommand\part{\@startsection{part}{9}{\z@}%
+ {-10\p@ \@plus -4\p@ \@minus -2\p@}%
+ {4\p@}%
+ {\@parfont}}
+\def\section@raggedright{\@rightskip\@flushglue
+ \rightskip\@rightskip
+ \leftskip\z@skip
+ \parindent\z@}
+\def\@secfont{\sffamily\bfseries\section@raggedright\MakeTextUppercase}
+\def\@subsecfont{\sffamily\bfseries\section@raggedright}
+\def\@subsubsecfont{\sffamily\itshape}
+\def\@parfont{\itshape}
+\setcounter{secnumdepth}{3}
+\ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+\relax % manuscript
+\or % acmsmall
+\or % acmlarge
+ \def\@secfont{\sffamily\large\section@raggedright\MakeTextUppercase}
+ \def\@subsecfont{\sffamily\large\section@raggedright}
+\or % acmtog
+ \def\@secfont{\sffamily\large\section@raggedright\MakeTextUppercase}
+ \def\@subsecfont{\sffamily\large\section@raggedright}
+\or % sigconf
+ \def\@secfont{\bfseries\Large\section@raggedright\MakeTextUppercase}
+ \def\@subsecfont{\bfseries\Large\section@raggedright}
+\or % siggraph
+ \def\@secfont{\sffamily\bfseries\Large\section@raggedright\MakeTextUppercase}
+ \def\@subsecfont{\sffamily\bfseries\Large\section@raggedright}
+\or % sigplan
+ \def\@secfont{\bfseries\Large\section@raggedright}
+ \def\@subsecfont{\bfseries\section@raggedright}
+ \renewcommand\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}%
+ {-.75\baselineskip \@plus -2\p@ \@minus -.2\p@}%
+ {.25\baselineskip}%
+ {\@subsubsecfont}}
+ \def\@subsubsecfont{\bfseries\section@raggedright}
+ \renewcommand\paragraph{\@startsection{paragraph}{4}{\z@}%
+ {-.5\baselineskip \@plus -2\p@ \@minus -.2\p@}%
+ {-3.5\p@}%
+ {\@parfont\@addspaceafter}}
+ \def\@parfont{\bfseries\itshape}
+ \renewcommand\subparagraph{\@startsection{subparagraph}{5}{\z@}%
+ {-.5\baselineskip \@plus -2\p@ \@minus -.2\p@}%
+ {-3.5\p@}%
+ {\@subparfont\@addspaceafter}}
+ \def\@subparfont{\itshape}
+\or % sigchi
+ \setcounter{secnumdepth}{1}
+ \def\@secfont{\sffamily\bfseries\section@raggedright\MakeTextUppercase}
+ \def\@subsecfont{\sffamily\bfseries\section@raggedright}
+\or % sigchi-a
+ \setcounter{secnumdepth}{0}
+ \def\@secfont{\sffamily\bfseries\section@raggedright\MakeTextUppercase}
+ \def\@subsecfont{\sffamily\bfseries\section@raggedright}
+\fi
+\def\@adddotafter#1{#1\@addpunct{.}}
+\def\@addspaceafter#1{#1\@addpunct{\enspace}}
+\providecommand*\@dotsep{4.5}
+\def\@acmplainbodyfont{\itshape}
+\def\@acmplainindent{\parindent}
+\def\@acmplainheadfont{\scshape}
+\def\@acmplainnotefont{\@empty}
+\ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+\relax % manuscript
+\or % acmsmall
+\or % acmlarge
+\or % acmtog
+\or % sigconf
+\or % siggraph
+\or % sigplan
+ \def\@acmplainbodyfont{\itshape}
+ \def\@acmplainindent{\z@}
+ \def\@acmplainheadfont{\bfseries}
+ \def\@acmplainnotefont{\normalfont}
+\or % sigchi
+\or % sigchi-a
+\fi
+\newtheoremstyle{acmplain}%
+ {.5\baselineskip\@plus.2\baselineskip
+ \@minus.2\baselineskip}% space above
+ {.5\baselineskip\@plus.2\baselineskip
+ \@minus.2\baselineskip}% space below
+ {\@acmplainbodyfont}% body font
+ {\@acmplainindent}% indent amount
+ {\@acmplainheadfont}% head font
+ {.}% punctuation after head
+ {.5em}% spacing after head
+ {\thmname{#1}\thmnumber{ #2}\thmnote{ {\@acmplainnotefont(#3)}}}% head spec
+\def\@acmdefinitionbodyfont{\normalfont}
+\def\@acmdefinitionindent{\parindent}
+\def\@acmdefinitionheadfont{\itshape}
+\def\@acmdefinitionnotefont{\@empty}
+\ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+\relax % manuscript
+\or % acmsmall
+\or % acmlarge
+\or % acmtog
+\or % sigconf
+\or % siggraph
+\or % sigplan
+ \def\@acmdefinitionbodyfont{\normalfont}
+ \def\@acmdefinitionindent{\z@}
+ \def\@acmdefinitionheadfont{\bfseries}
+ \def\@acmdefinitionnotefont{\normalfont}
+\or % sigchi
+\or % sigchi-a
+\fi
+\newtheoremstyle{acmdefinition}%
+ {.5\baselineskip\@plus.2\baselineskip
+ \@minus.2\baselineskip}% space above
+ {.5\baselineskip\@plus.2\baselineskip
+ \@minus.2\baselineskip}% space below
+ {\@acmdefinitionbodyfont}% body font
+ {\@acmdefinitionindent}% indent amount
+ {\@acmdefinitionheadfont}% head font
+ {.}% punctuation after head
+ {.5em}% spacing after head
+ {\thmname{#1}\thmnumber{ #2}\thmnote{ {\@acmdefinitionnotefont(#3)}}}% head spec
+\theoremstyle{acmplain}
+\AtEndPreamble{%
+ \if@ACM@acmthm
+ \theoremstyle{acmplain}
+ \@ifundefined{theorem}{%
+ \newtheorem{theorem}{Theorem}[section]
+ }{}
+ \@ifundefined{conjecture}{%
+ \newtheorem{conjecture}[theorem]{Conjecture}
+ }{}
+ \@ifundefined{proposition}{%
+ \newtheorem{proposition}[theorem]{Proposition}
+ }{}
+ \@ifundefined{lemma}{%
+ \newtheorem{lemma}[theorem]{Lemma}
+ }{}
+ \@ifundefined{corollary}{%
+ \newtheorem{corollary}[theorem]{Corollary}
+ }{}
+ \theoremstyle{acmdefinition}
+ \@ifundefined{example}{%
+ \newtheorem{example}[theorem]{Example}
+ }{}
+ \@ifundefined{definition}{%
+ \newtheorem{definition}[theorem]{Definition}
+ }{}
+ \fi
+ \theoremstyle{acmplain}
+}
+\def\@proofnamefont{\scshape}
+\def\@proofindent{\indent}
+\ifcase\ACM@format@nr
+\relax % manuscript
+\or % acmsmall
+\or % acmlarge
+\or % acmtog
+\or % sigconf
+\or % siggraph
+\or % sigplan
+ \def\@proofnamefont{\itshape}
+ \def\@proofindent{\noindent}
+\or % sigchi
+\or % sigchi-a
+\fi
+\renewenvironment{proof}[1][\proofname]{\par
+ \pushQED{\qed}%
+ \normalfont \topsep6\p@\@plus6\p@\relax
+ \trivlist
+ \item[\@proofindent\hskip\labelsep
+ {\@proofnamefont #1\@addpunct{.}}]\ignorespaces
+}{%
+ \popQED\endtrivlist\@endpefalse
+}
+\specialcomment{acks}{%
+ \begingroup
+ \section*{Acknowledgments}
+ \phantomsection\addcontentsline{toc}{section}{Acknowledgments}
+}{%
+ \endgroup
+}
+\def\grantsponsor#1#2#3{#2}
+\newcommand\grantnum[3][]{#3%
+ \def\@tempa{#1}\ifx\@tempa\@empty\else\space(\url{#1})\fi}
+\AtEndPreamble{%
+\if@ACM@screen
+ \includecomment{screenonly}
+ \excludecomment{printonly}
+\else
+ \excludecomment{screenonly}
+ \includecomment{printonly}
+\fi
+\if@ACM@anonymous
+ \excludecomment{anonsuppress}
+ \excludecomment{acks}
+\else
+ \includecomment{anonsuppress}
+\fi}
+\newcommand\showeprint[2][arxiv]{%
+ \def\@tempa{#1}%
+ \ifx\@tempa\@empty\def\@tempa{arxiv}\fi
+ \def\@tempb{arxiv}%
+ \ifx\@tempa\@tempb
+ arXiv:\href{http://arxiv.org/abs/#2}{#2}\else arXiv:#2%
+ \fi}
+\normalsize\normalfont\frenchspacing
+\endinput
+%%
+%% End of file `acmart.cls'.
diff --git a/paper/gtt.tex b/paper/gtt.tex
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8a0a630
--- /dev/null
+++ b/paper/gtt.tex
@@ -0,0 +1,204 @@
+%% For double-blind review submission
+\documentclass[acmsmall,anonymous,review]{acmart}\settopmatter{printfolios=true}
+%% For single-blind review submission
+%\documentclass[acmlarge,review]{acmart}\settopmatter{printfolios=true}
+%% For final camera-ready submission
+%\documentclass[acmlarge]{acmart}\settopmatter{}
+
+%% Note: Authors migrating a paper from PACMPL format to traditional
+%% SIGPLAN proceedings format should change 'acmlarge' to
+%% 'sigplan,10pt'.
+
+%% Some recommended packages.
+% \usepackage{booktabs} %% For formal tables:
+% %% http://ctan.org/pkg/booktabs
+% \usepackage{subcaption} %% For complex figures with subfigures/subcaptions
+% %% http://ctan.org/pkg/subcaption
+
+\makeatletter\if@ACM@journal\makeatother
+%% Journal information (used by PACMPL format)
+%% Supplied to authors by publisher for camera-ready submission
+\acmJournal{PACMPL}
+\acmVolume{1}
+\acmNumber{1}
+\acmArticle{1}
+\acmYear{2017}
+\acmMonth{1}
+\acmDOI{10.1145/nnnnnnn.nnnnnnn}
+\startPage{1}
+\else\makeatother
+%% Conference information (used by SIGPLAN proceedings format)
+%% Supplied to authors by publisher for camera-ready submission
+\acmConference[PL'17]{ACM SIGPLAN Conference on Programming Languages}{January 01--03, 2017}{New York, NY, USA}
+\acmYear{2017}
+\acmISBN{978-x-xxxx-xxxx-x/YY/MM}
+\acmDOI{10.1145/nnnnnnn.nnnnnnn}
+\startPage{1}
+\fi
+%% Copyright information
+%% Supplied to authors (based on authors' rights management selection;
+%% see authors.acm.org) by publisher for camera-ready submission
+\setcopyright{none} %% For review submission
+%\setcopyright{acmcopyright}
+%\setcopyright{acmlicensed}
+%\setcopyright{rightsretained}
+%\copyrightyear{2017} %% If different from \acmYear
+
+
+%% Bibliography style
+\bibliographystyle{ACM-Reference-Format}
+%% Citation style
+%% Note: author/year citations are required for papers published as an
+%% issue of PACMPL.
+% \citestyle{acmauthoryear} %% For author/year citations
+%
+
+\title{Gradual Type Theory}
+
+%% Author information
+%% Contents and number of authors suppressed with 'anonymous'.
+%% Each author should be introduced by \author, followed by
+%% \authornote (optional), \orcid (optional), \affiliation, and
+%% \email.
+%% An author may have multiple affiliations and/or emails; repeat the
+%% appropriate command.
+%% Many elements are not rendered, but should be provided for metadata
+%% extraction tools.
+%% Author with single affiliation.
+\author{Max S. New}
+\affiliation{
+ %% \department{CCIS} %% \department is recommended
+ \institution{Northeastern University} %% \institution is required
+% \streetaddress{Street1 Address1}
+% \city{City1}
+% \state{State1}
+% \postcode{Post-Code1}
+% \country{Country1}
+}
+\email{maxnew@ccs.neu.edu} %% \email is recommended
+
+\author{Daniel R. Licata}
+\affiliation{
+% \department{Department1} %% \department is recommended
+ \institution{Wesleyan University} %% \institution is required
+% \streetaddress{Street1 Address1}
+% \city{City1}
+% \state{State1}
+% \postcode{Post-Code1}
+% \country{Country1}
+}
+\email{dlicata@wesleyan.edu} %% \email is recommended
+
+\author{Amal Ahmed}
+\affiliation{
+% \department{Department1} %% \department is recommended
+ \institution{Northeastern University} %% \institution is required
+ \institution{Inria Paris} %% \institution is required
+% \streetaddress{Street1 Address1}
+% \city{City1}
+% \state{State1}
+% \postcode{Post-Code1}
+% \country{Country1}
+}
+\email{amal@ccs.neu.edu} %% \email is recommended
+
+\begin{document}
+
+\begin{abstract}
+ We present Gradual Type Theory: an axiomatic semantics of gradual
+ typing.
+ Gradual Type Theory gives specifications to the cast semantics that
+ are normally part of the language definition of gradual typing.
+ Since it is based on Levy's Call-by-push-value language, it supports
+ embeddings of call-by-value and call-by-name gradually typed
+ languages, and proves uniqueness theorems for cast/contracts in
+ call-by-value and call-by-name languages with both positive and
+ negative type connectives.
+\end{abstract}
+
+%% 2012 ACM Computing Classification System (CSS) concepts
+%% Generate at 'http://dl.acm.org/ccs/ccs.cfm'.
+\begin{CCSXML}
+<ccs2012>
+<concept>
+<concept_id>10011007.10011006.10011008</concept_id>
+<concept_desc>Software and its engineering~General programming languages</concept_desc>
+<concept_significance>500</concept_significance>
+</concept>
+<concept>
+<concept_id>10003456.10003457.10003521.10003525</concept_id>
+<concept_desc>Social and professional topics~History of programming languages</concept_desc>
+<concept_significance>300</concept_significance>
+</concept>
+</ccs2012>
+\end{CCSXML}
+
+\ccsdesc[500]{Software and its engineering~General programming languages}
+\ccsdesc[300]{Social and professional topics~History of programming languages}
+%% End of generated code
+
+
+%% Keywords
+%% comma separated list
+% \keywords{keyword1, keyword2, keyword3} %% \keywords is optional
+
+
+%% \maketitle
+%% Note: \maketitle command must come after title commands, author
+%% commands, abstract environment, Computing Classification System
+%% environment and commands, and keywords command.
+\maketitle
+
+\section{Introduction}
+
+...
+
+Previous work has built towards this goal from two directions.
+%
+First, \cite{cbn-gtt} provided an axiomatic semantics for the
+negative fragment of call-by-name in which upcasts and downcasts were
+specified as certain joins and meets respectively.
+%
+There, they proved two ``contract uniqueness principles'' for
+call-by-name gradual typing: if the language satisfies a property
+called graduality\footnote{an extensional version of \cite{refined}'s
+ dynamic gradual guarantee} and the $\eta$ laws for functions and
+products, then the casts between function types (respectively product
+types) must be equivalent to the classic ``wrapping'' implementation.
+
+Second, \cite{cbv-gt-lr} provided a logical relation interpretation of
+graduality in terms of a nonstandard ``observational error
+approximation'' relation.
+%
+They synthesized the casts from the syntax of type dynamism proofs and
+decomposed the graduality property into observational error
+approximation ``up to cast''.
+
+Each paper had certain limitations: \cite{cbn-gtt} only dealt with the
+negative fragment of call-by-name, and did not have an accompanying
+operational semantic interpreation.
+%
+On the other hand, \cite{cbv-gt-lr} dealt with positive and negative
+types in call-by-value, but only allowed for contextual equivalence
+proofs in a \emph{single} language, because it was not based on an
+axiomatic semantics.
+%
+In this paper, we resolve all of these problems by developing a new
+axiomatic system we dub \emph{Gradual Type Theory} (GTT), and a
+logical relation model for it using observational error approximation
+in a variant of Levy's \emph{Call-by-push-value}.
+%
+Gradual Type Theory is built by applying the type theoretic
+methodology used to design Call-by-name GTT to Call-by-push-value.
+%
+We chose call-by-push-value because it follows a similar type
+theoretic discipline as the negative type lambda calculus: all
+connectives internalize some property of the judgmental structure of
+the system.
+
+
+\end{document}
+
+%% Local Variables:
+%% compile-command: "latexmk -C gtt.tex; pdflatex gtt.tex"
+%% End:
--
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